ABSTRACT
Ependymomas are slowly growing glial tumors derived from the ependymal cells and usually occur in the central nervous system (CNS). Ependymomas rarely occur outside of the CNS and they are called extraspinal ependymomas. In spite of their metastatic potential, extraspinal ependymomas can be misdiagnosed for other benign mass like pilonidal cysts. The diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology and most of the cases are known to show glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, and keratin (AE1AE3) immunoreactivity. Herein, we present a case of GFAP-negative ependymoma, which presented as asymptomatic subcutaneous tumor of the left buttock and was clinically misdiagnosed as epidermal cyst. Our case indicates that ependymomas cannot be ruled out by lack of GFAP immunoreactivity and an asymptomatic subcutaneous mass could be a malignant tumor like ependymomas, which requires careful examinations.
ABSTRACT
Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum (SCACP) is a very rare cutaneous adnexal neoplasm. SCACP presents histologic variability, and it is difficult to establish the diagnosis from a punch biopsy. SCACP has an overall configuration similar to that of syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP). When we diagnose SCACP, the histologic features of SCAP can be contributing and immunohistochemical staining is useful. Our case shows the histologic variability of SCACP and the pitfalls of a punch biopsy for the diagnosis of SCACP.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Genitalia, Male/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Hemangiosarcoma/epidemiology , Scalp , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Vascular Malformations/epidemiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Capillaries/abnormalities , Head and Neck Neoplasms/etiology , Hemangiosarcoma/etiology , Humans , Japan/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Neck/blood supply , Skin Neoplasms/etiology , Vascular Malformations/complicationsSubject(s)
Amyloidosis/chemically induced , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Insulin/adverse effects , Skin Diseases/chemically induced , Abdominal Wall , Aged , Amyloidosis/diagnosis , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects , Injections, Subcutaneous/adverse effects , Insulin/administration & dosage , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology , Cytomegalovirus/pathogenicity , Dermatitis, Exfoliative/etiology , Graft vs Host Disease/etiology , Simplexvirus/pathogenicity , Stomatitis, Herpetic/virology , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/complications , Virus Activation , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Dermatitis, Exfoliative/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Exfoliative/therapy , Female , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Graft vs Host Disease/diagnosis , Graft vs Host Disease/therapy , Humans , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Stomatitis, Herpetic/diagnosis , Stomatitis, Herpetic/drug therapy , Thymoma/secondary , Thymus Neoplasms/pathology , Treatment Outcome , Ultraviolet TherapySubject(s)
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Lichen Planus, Oral/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Humans , Lichen Planus, Oral/complications , Lichen Planus, Oral/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Pain/drug therapy , Pain/etiology , Prednisolone/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Muir-Torre Syndrome/blood , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/blood , Transforming Growth Factor beta/blood , Aged , Colonic Neoplasms , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Muir-Torre Syndrome/metabolism , Muir-Torre Syndrome/pathology , Muir-Torre Syndrome/physiopathology , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/physiopathology , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II , Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolismABSTRACT
AIM: To report a case of a patient with myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-negative microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and IgA nephropathy associated with severe pulmonary haemorrhage. CASE REPORT: A 59-year-old man presented with ANCA-negative systemic vasculitis accompanied by purpura, nephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. A skin biopsy specimen revealed pandermal leucocytoclastic vasculitis without IgA deposition and a kidney biopsy showed mesangial nephritis with IgA deposition. Considering these findings, the patient was diagnosed as having MPA with IgA nephropathy. DISCUSSION: In most cases, MPA presents with rapidly progressive necrotizing glomerulonephritis and sometimes lung haemorrhage, while IgA nephropathy is less common among MPA cases. As recent research suggested that in MPA immunoglobulin deposition in the kidney may be an exacerbating factor for renal dysfunction and poor prognosis, close observation is required in these cases.
Subject(s)
Eosinophilia/etiology , Exanthema/etiology , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/radiotherapy , Pemphigoid, Bullous/diagnosis , Pruritus/etiology , Radiation Injuries/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Exanthema/diagnosis , Humans , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/complications , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Pruritus/diagnosis , Radiation Injuries/diagnosisSubject(s)
Myelodysplastic Syndromes/complications , Pyoderma Gangrenosum/complications , Cholecystitis, Acute/complications , Female , Hepatitis/complications , Humans , Middle Aged , Osteomyelitis/complications , Pyoderma Gangrenosum/diagnosis , Recurrence , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/complicationsABSTRACT
Malignant melanoma usually shows resistance to a standard chemotherapy regimen. A useful in vitro method to evaluate individual chemosensitivity is required to select effective anti-cancer drugs. This study aimed to establish in vitro tumor response testing for malignant melanoma. We determined the chemosensitivity of primary cultured melanoma cells using the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST). Nineteen tests were carried out for 15 cases of malignant melanoma. Primary cultured melanoma cells in collagen gel droplets were exposed to anti-cancer drugs, including cisplatin, adriamycin, dacarbazine, nimustine and vincristine. After a 7-day incubation in a serum-free medium, living melanoma cells in a collagen droplet were detected by image analysis after staining with Neutral red reagent. In vitro drug exposure conditions were determined to reproduce the value of the plasma area under the time-drug concentration curve in vivo. The rate of evaluation of the primary culture of melanoma cells was 78.9% (15/19 tests). The chemosensitivity of cisplatin, adriamycin, dacarbazine, nimustine and vincristine was 15, 62, 0, 0 and 62%, respectively. Dacarbazine was not suitable for CD-DST due to its prodrug characteristics. The CD-DST method was able to evaluate the chemosensitivity of malignant melanoma to anti-cancer drugs in vitro. This method can also be applied to estimate the efficacy of newly developed anti-cancer drugs in vitro.
ABSTRACT
A 57-year-old Japanese man with tumor-stage mycosis fungoides suddenly presented multiple small papules on the right chest. Histopathology of a biopsy specimen from the papules revealed medium-to-large pleomorphic lymphoid cells throughout the entire dermis but not in the epidermis, and the large cells expressed CD30 antigen. These newly-developed papules underwent spontaneous remission in the following 3 months. We reviewed the reported cases of mycosis fungoides, which showed CD30-positive large cell transformation and those of CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders associated with mycosis fungoides.