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1.
Chem Biodivers ; 20(4): e202300049, 2023 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36866854

ABSTRACT

Resinous beehive product propolis has many biological activities. It contains various aromatic substances that have great differences in their chemical composition depending on the natural flora. Thus, chemical characterization and biological properties of propolis samples is an important subject for the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the propolis samples collected from three cities in Turkey were prepared as methanol (MEP), ethanol (EEP), chloroform (ChlEP), hexane (HxEP), and ethyl acetate (EAEP) extracts using an ultrasonic assisted technique. The antioxidant capacities of the samples were evaluated by free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), cation radical scavenging activity (ABTS), and reducing activity (CUPRAC) and (FRAP). The strongest biological activities were detected in ethanol and methanol extracts. Enzyme inhibition of the propolis samples were determined against the human glutathione S-transferase (GST) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). IC50 values of MEP1, MEP2, and MEP3 samples against the ACE were found as 13.9 µg/mL, 14.8 µg/mL, and 12.8 µg/mL, while against the GST IC50 values of MEP1, MEP2, and MEP3 samples were as 5.92 µg/mL, 9.49 µg/mL, and 5.72 µg/mL. To know the possible causes of the biological test results advanced LC/MS/MS method was applied. trans-ferulic acid, kaempferol, and chrysin were found as the most abundant phenolic compounds in each sample. The propolis extracts obtained using the proper solvent have a good potential to be used in pharmaceuticals to treat the diseases related to oxidative damage, hypertension, and inflammation. Finally, the interactions between chrysin, trans-ferulic acid and kaempferol molecules with ACE and GST receptors were analyzed using molecular docking study. Selected molecules interact with active residues by binding to the active site of the receptors.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Propolis , Humans , Angiotensins , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antioxidants/chemistry , Ethanol , Kaempferols , Methanol/chemistry , Molecular Docking Simulation , Phenols/pharmacology , Propolis/pharmacology , Propolis/chemistry , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Glutathione Transferase/antagonists & inhibitors , Glutathione Transferase/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry
2.
Int J Neurosci ; 129(1): 22-29, 2019 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29965783

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: There are many studies on degeneration of the ganglion cells using visual evoked potential (VEP) in Diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study intended to investigate whether the retinopathy findings would be helpful for detecting the degeneration to develop or not in retinal ganglion cells with the VEP test before being detectable in ophthalmoscopic examination on prediabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted prospectively after obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee. In our study, the subjects were divided into three groups as impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal patients. They also underwent physical, ophthalmological and VEP examination. Three main components of VEP obtained from these groups were N75, P100, and N145 latency and N75-P100 amplitude. RESULTS: The study participants consisted of the IFG group (n: 30, female/male ratio: 21/9; mean age: 49.17 ± 10.52 years), the IGT group (n: 30, female/male ratio: 23/7; mean age: 47.00 ± 11.09 years), and the Control Group (n: 40, female/male ratio: 30/10; mean age: 48.03 ± 10.96 years). Difference in sex and age between the study groups (p > 0.05). P100 latency was found to increase significantly in comparison between the IGT and Control Group for both eyes (p right: 0.003, p left: 0.001) whereas it did not increase significantly in the comparison between the IFG and the Control Group (p right: 0.065, p left: 0.116). CONCLUSION: It was observed that VEP may be a parameter of predictive value that might be used in evaluating prediabetic cases in terms of retinopathies similar to DM.


Subject(s)
Evoked Potentials, Visual , Glucose Intolerance/physiopathology , Visual Pathways/physiopathology , Adult , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Fasting , Female , Glucose Intolerance/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Visual Acuity
3.
Prim Health Care Res Dev ; 18(5): 411-418, 2017 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28473004

ABSTRACT

Aim The purpose of this study was to assess the attitude of family physicians toward a child with delayed growth and development. BACKGROUND: Primary healthcare professionals play a key role in monitoring growth and development, the best indicator of the child's health status. If delayed growth and development can be detected early, then it is usually possible to restore functioning. METHODS: This descriptive study was performed in Samsun, Turkey, in May and June 2015. In total, 325 family physicians were included. The study consisted of two parts. In the first session of the research, the story of an 18-month-old child with delayed growth and development was presented using visual materials. An interview between the child's mother and a member of primary healthcare staff was then enacted by two of the authors using role-playing. Subsequently, participants were given the opportunity to ask the mother and member of primary healthcare staff questions about the case. During the sessions, two observers observed the participants, took notes and compared these after the presentation. In the second part of the study, the participants were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of three open-ended questions. Findings When asking questions of the mother, family physicians generally used accusatory and judgmental language. One of the questions most commonly put to the mother was 'Do you think you are a good mother?' Family physicians were keen to provide instruction for the patient and relatives. Family physicians to a large extent thought that the problem of a child with delayed growth and development can be resolved through education. CONCLUSIONS: Family physicians' manner of establishing relations with the patient and relatives is inappropriate. We therefore think that they should receive on-going in-service training on the subject.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Growth and Development , Physicians, Family/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Turkey
4.
Acta Neurol Belg ; 116(4): 605-613, 2016 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27053144

ABSTRACT

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a disease characterized by some type of dysesthesia, an indescribable abnormal sensation in the extremities. Our objective was to determine whether the visual evoked potentials (VEP) can be used as a quantitative monitoring method to evaluate demyelination-remyelination and neurodegeneration in the patients with RLS. The present study was carried out prospectively. It was planned to determine normal or pathological conditions in the form of increased latency or decreased amplitude of VEP and to evaluate possible pathologies in the visual and retinal pathways at early stages and at months 3 and 6 of follow-up in the patients with RLS (with or without iron deficiency anemia), in those without RLS (at the time of diagnosis prior to any medical therapy) without any visual symptoms. It was observed that latency of VEP improved but didn't return to normal limits following treatment with dopamin agonists, iron, or combination of both and that there was no significant difference between the post-treatment data and those of the control group. These results in combination with the fact that the latencies and amplitudes didn't return to normal levels despite the 6-month-treatment but showed a progressive course with partial regeneration suggests that there was incomplete remyelination. It should be kept in mind that this syndrome is likely to be a part of neurodegenerative process.


Subject(s)
Evoked Potentials, Visual , Nerve Degeneration , Restless Legs Syndrome/physiopathology , Adult , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/complications , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/drug therapy , Dopamine Agonists/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Iron/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Restless Legs Syndrome/complications , Restless Legs Syndrome/drug therapy
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