Optogenetic approach to the studies of synaptic transmission.

Optogenetics is a modern nanobiological approaches allowing modulation of the physiological status of electrostimulated cells, including the neurons. The optogenetic approach was used to evaluate the efficiency of synaptic transmission between the neurons in a mixed corticostriatal culture. Synaptic contacts between the cortical and striatal neurons forming in a mixed culture could be modulated by the opticogenetic methods. Studies of the synaptic interactions between the neurons were essential for understanding the disease mechanisms, and therefore, this method seemed to be promising for biomedical studies.

[Huntington's disease: cellular and molecular basis of pathology].

Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyQ expansion (>36 glutamine repeats) in Huntingtin (Htt) protein. It is believed that dysfunction of corticostriatal system is one of the main pathological events. Special attention is paid to synaptic dysfunction of transmission between cortical and striatal neurons. This review focuses on modern concepts of molecular and cellular mechanisms of HD pathology and especially on alterations in corticostriatal connectivity. Calcium hypothesis of HD and new pharmacological targets are described.

[The immune and dental status of women who have given birth to infants with intrauterine growth retardation]. / Immunnyi i stomatologicheskii status zhenshchin, rodivshikh detei s vnutriutrobnoi zaderzhkoi razvitiia ploda.

Secondary immunodeficiency was detected in women who gave birth to small-for-date newborns. This state was one of the causes of periodontal and hard dental tissue involvement. Women with small-for-date fetuses are at risk of dental diseases.

[A mathematical analysis of the heart rhythm in assessing periodontal diseases in women]. / Matematicheskii analiz serdechnogo ritma v otsenke zabolevanii parodonta u zhenshchin.

Mathematical analysis of heart rhythm helps detect disorders in the adaptation and compensatory potential of the body patients with diseases of the periodontium which are associated with a high stress and overstrain leading to exhaustion of the regulatory mechanisms. This should be borne in mind when planning treatment of such patients.

[The late clinical and physiological effects of different methods for the surgical treatment of patients with a uterine leiomyoma]. / Otdalennye klinicheskie i fiziologicheskie éffekty razlichnykh sposobov khirurgicheskogo lecheniia bol'nykh leiomiomoi matki.

Electroencephalographic studies and mathematical analysis of heart rhythm have shown that reconstructive plastic surgery is a more sparing and physiologic method as against supravaginal amputation of the uterus, providing normal functioning of all the body systems in late periods after surgery.

[Phosphorus-potassium metabolism in puerperae with late toxicosis and its correlation with the status of the maxillodental system]. / Fosforno-kal'tsievyi obmen u rodil'nits pri pozdnem toksikoze i korreliatsiia ego s sostoianiem zubocheliustnoi sistemy.

A deficiency of mineral components in the breast milk and saliva and shifts in the protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism are observed in puerperae with a history of late gestosis; this fact tells negatively on the maxillodental system of the mother and her baby.

[Hemodynamics in the organs of small pelvis during complex treatment using electromagnetic fields in patients with tubal infertility of inflammatory etiology]. / Gemodinamika organov malogo taza pri primenenii magnitnogo polia v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh s trubnym besplodiem vospalitel'noi étiologii.

Hydrotubation treatment of uterine tube impotency of an inflammatory origin results in many cases in stubborn hemodynamic disorders in the small pelvis organs, that may be normalized after exposure to a permanent magnetic field (magnetophores). Multiple-modality treatment results in recovery of the uterine tube patency in 50% of cases and in pregnancy coming within a year in 22.6% of cases.

[The development of the maxillodental system in the fetus and the newborn animal in intrauterine streptococcal infection]. / Razvitie zubocheliustnoi sistemy u ploda i novorozhdennogo pri vnutriutrobnom streptokokkovom infitsirovanii.

Effects of an intrauterine streptococcal infection induced at different stages of pregnancy on the developing fetus and newborn were studied in non-inbred white rats. The course of denture development was found changed in both fetuses and newborns. A number of functional shifts in the central nervous system and physical status, presenting in the postnatal period, were detected in the experimental animals.

[Laser exposure of the blood as a method of preventing inflammatory complications following cesarean section]. / Lazernoe vozdeistvie na krov' kak metod profilaktiki vospalitel'nykh oslozhnenii posle kesareva secheniia.

Blood laser action (red spectrum, a wavelength of 628 nm, pulsed periodic quasi-continuous duty), a noninvasive tool, was demonstrated to stimulate the immune forces of the body, which showed a 2-fold or more decrease in the incidence of inflammatory complications after cesarean operation.

[Experimental arrhythmia and its prevention]. / Eksperimental'naia aritmiia i ee profilaktika.

The preventive antiarrhythmic effect of a new derivative of selenium-containing aralkyl amines, i. e. selenofen-24, was compared with the routinely used drugs-novocainamide, isoptin and inderal. With respect to the preventive effect and spectrum of action selenofen-24 was shown to be advantageous on various experimental models of arrhythmias: aconitine, strophanthin, pituitrin or calcium chloride.

[Anti-arrhythmic activity of a new selenium-derivative preparation]. / Protivoaritmicheskaia aktivnost' novogo selenoproizvodnogo preparata.

It has been demonstrated in an experimental calcium chloride model that piperidine-ethyl-selenophen belonging to the class of selenium derivatives is superior to isoptin in antiarrhythmic action. The drug shortens the duration of arrhythmia and reduces 2-3 times the time required for the recovery of heart rhythm, thereby raising the efficacy of therapy.

[Effect of ampicillin and oxacillin on fetal and neonatal development]. / Vliianie ampitsillina i oksatsillina na razvitie ploda i novorozhdennogo v éksperimente.

Ampicillin administration during pregnancy exerted no toxic effect on the developing fetus. However, it decreased the body weight of the progeny and the weight of the placenta. Oxacillin had an adverse effect on the pregnancy, labor, fetus and newborn. It is inferred that ampicillin can be used for treatment purposes at any time of the pregnancy whilst oxacillin administration might involve a high risk for the mother, fetus and newborn.