ABSTRACT
The authors tried to calculate the costs due to head trauma in drunkard s hospitalized in Lódz. An analysis included: costs of the hospitalization, reimbursements, additional costs of the neurological and surgical management, and costs Emergency Service (ambulances). It was found that Lódz inhabitants pay annually nearly 7 billion Zloty. The authors suggest that actual regulations concerning free health care should be modified in case of alcoholics. Such patients should bear all costs related to their transport to the hospitals, treatment and additional tests.
Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Craniocerebral Trauma/economics , Delivery of Health Care/economics , Social Problems/economics , Costs and Cost Analysis , Craniocerebral Trauma/etiology , Humans , Length of Stay/economics , Poland , Social ResponsibilityABSTRACT
Ninety-four patients with deep vein thrombosis of inferior limbs were randomly allocated to receive sodium heparin either by subcutaneous injections or by continuous intravenous infusion for six days. No significant difference was observed in the therapeutic efficiency as judged by phlebographic examinations and in rate of symptomatic pulmonary embolism between the two groups. There was one instance of major bleeding in the subcutaneous group. Minor bleedings occurred in 10 of the 48 patients treated with subcutaneous heparin and in 13 of the 46 patients receiving intravenous heparin. The results showed that subcutaneous injections of sodium heparin are as effective and safe as continuous intravenous infusion of this drug in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis.
Subject(s)
Insulin/administration & dosage , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Thrombophlebitis/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Injections, Subcutaneous , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Amniotic Fluid/analysis , Ferritins/analysis , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/diagnosis , Rh Isoimmunization/diagnosis , Amniocentesis , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/metabolism , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Rh Isoimmunization/metabolismSubject(s)
Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine , Erythroblastosis, Fetal/therapy , Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic/blood , Rh Isoimmunization/complications , Erythroblastosis, Fetal/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Prenatal CareSubject(s)
Abortion, Threatened/blood , Chorionic Gonadotropin/blood , Female , Fetal Monitoring , Humans , Pregnancy , PrognosisABSTRACT
The work has been aimed at an analysis of accidents at work occurring throughout 1981-1982 at the Belchatów Industrial District. The most common causes of accidents at work have been direct factors resulting mainly from workers' inadvertence or recklessness, improper performance of occupational tasks, lack of appropriate tools, and settlement of private affairs at work. The incidence of accidents at work might be reduced by compliance with safety-and-hygiene-of-work rules, better supervision, work organization and efficient working tools.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Occupational , Coal Mining , Power Plants , Wounds and Injuries/etiology , Humans , PolandABSTRACT
The work is a continuation of studies of accidents at work at the Belchatów Industrial District. Analysed have been indirect factors causing accidents at work. Those factors were found to cause accidents much more often than the direct ones. They are particularly significant for young workers. The season, month, day of month, consecutive working hour and climate did not significantly affect the frequency of accidents.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Occupational , Coal Mining , Power Plants , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Circadian Rhythm , Humans , Middle Aged , PolandABSTRACT
Health effects of accidents at work at the Belchatów Industrial District have been investigated. Most injuries due to accidents have been bruises, wounds and bone fractures of upper and lower limbs. Much less frequent, as compared to other industrial plants, are injuries of head, chest and abdomen. The causes of those injuries have been discussed. In addition, the activities of occupational health services have been analysed.
