ABSTRACT
Lactine was found to depress the level of the histamine secretion of the gastric juice and to reduce the debit of hydrochloric acid in dogs. This peptide suppressed mainly the spontaneous choleresis and alters the compound composition of the bile. Large doses of the hormone obviously suppress the transport of bilirubin into the secret.
Subject(s)
Bile/drug effects , Bile/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Histamine/pharmacology , Lactose/pharmacology , Animals , Depression, Chemical , Dogs , Drug Interactions , Gastric Juice/drug effects , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Stimulation, Chemical , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The substance P was shown to be able to increase the level of histamine-induced stomach secretion and the debit of free hydrochloric acid in dogs. This peptide increases the volume velocity of the choleresis and the content of bile acids and protein in the bile. The substance P alters the range of the bile acids as well.
Subject(s)
Bile/drug effects , Bile/metabolism , Gastric Juice/drug effects , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Histamine/pharmacology , Substance P/pharmacology , Animals , Bile/chemistry , Bile Acids and Salts/analysis , Dogs , Drug Interactions , Gastric Juice/chemistry , Stimulation, Chemical , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Light and electron microscopy and spectrophotometry were employed in study of the morphofunctional condition of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurosecretory system (HHNS) of intact rats after exposure to stress in injection of substance P. Injection of 12.5 mcg/100g of substance P decelerates the outflow of the neurosecretory substance in intact animals and inhibits the processes of biosynthesis in the neurocytes of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus. Injection of substance P prior to exposure of the organism to the stress effects leads to diminution of the HHNS response of them and prevents the development of dystrophic changes in the gastric mucosa.
Subject(s)
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology , Stress, Physiological/physiopathology , Substance P/physiology , Animals , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
A single and double 15 and 30 min exposure to electromagnetic waves of millimetric range (60 GGz, 3 mW/cm2) of a biological active point (acupuncture point) EIII36 of intact male rats and those subjected to stress inhibits the functional activity of hypothalamo-hypophysis neurosecretory system, thyroid gland and cell elements of gastric glands the inhibition being mostly pronounced in animals under stress.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Points , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology , Radio Waves , Animals , Energy Metabolism , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Stress, Physiological/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Chronic experiments in dogs showed that, after i.v. injection of oxytocin, the latency of activation of gastrointestinal motility by the stimulation of median hypothalamic structures was increased and inhibitory effects of posterior hypothalamic structures on the contractile activity of the digestive tract were intensified. The data obtained suggests that oxytocin facilitates the manifestation of inhibitory effects of the hypothalamus on the motor function of gastrointestinal tract.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Motility , Hypothalamus/physiology , Oxytocin/physiology , Animals , Dogs , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electric Stimulation , Gastrointestinal Motility/drug effects , Hypothalamus/drug effects , Oxytocin/pharmacology , Reaction Time/drug effects , Reaction Time/physiologyABSTRACT
Chronic experiments on hypophysectomized dogs with gastric and small intestinal fistulas as well as with hypothalamus-implanted electrodes have shown that blockade of alfa-adrenoreceptors by phentolamine increases the number of the excitatory motility responses while stimulating hypothalamic structures during rest of the gastrointestinal tract and decreases inhibitory effects of the stomach while stimulating hypothalamic structures during work of the digestive tract. The blockade of beta-adrenoreceptors by obsidan induces weakening of excitatory responses of the digestive tract and intensification of inhibitory ones while stimulating hypothalamic structures in hypophysectomized dogs.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Motility , Hypophysectomy , Hypothalamus/physiology , Intestine, Small/physiology , Pyloric Antrum/physiology , Receptors, Adrenergic/physiology , Animals , Dogs , Intestine, Small/innervation , Neural Pathways/physiology , Pyloric Antrum/innervationSubject(s)
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena , Digestive System Physiological Phenomena , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology , Animals , Dogs , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Motility , Heart Rate , Hypophysectomy , Mammillary Bodies/physiology , Phentolamine/pharmacology , Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus/physiologyABSTRACT
In chronic experiments on dogs with Basov 's stomach fistulas and pvc catheters implanted into the jugular vein the authors studied the effects of noradrenaline and adrenaline (30 mg/kg) on gastric secretion stimulated by pentagastrin. It was shown that the adrenagonists suppressed the pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion. The suppressing effect lasted 90 minutes after discontinuation of adrenaline or noradrenaline infusion.
Subject(s)
Carbachol/pharmacology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Histamine/pharmacology , Pentagastrin/pharmacology , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology , Animals , Cimetidine/pharmacology , Dogs , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Isoproterenol/pharmacology , Receptors, Adrenergic/drug effects , Receptors, Histamine/drug effectsABSTRACT
In dogs with implanted hypothalamic electrodes, influences of separate blockade of alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors, M- and H-cholinoreceptors on cardiac rhythm and ECG before, during and after stimulation of ventromedial and posterolateral structures of the hypothalamus, were studied. Adrenoblocking and cholinolytic agents affected the heart rate and the ECG as well as changed the cardiac response to stimulation of the hypothalamus.
Subject(s)
Heart Rate , Hypothalamus/physiology , Myocardial Contraction , Receptors, Adrenergic/physiology , Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology , Animals , Dogs , Electric Stimulation , Electrodes, Implanted , Heart Rate/drug effects , Hexamethonium Compounds/pharmacology , Myocardial Contraction/drug effects , Oxyphenonium/pharmacology , Parasympatholytics/pharmacology , Phentolamine/pharmacology , Propranolol/pharmacology , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/pharmacology , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects , Stomach Ulcer/etiology , Stress, Physiological/complications , Animals , Female , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Guinea Pigs , Male , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects , Stomach Ulcer/physiopathology , Stress, Physiological/physiopathologySubject(s)
Gastric Juice/metabolism , Hypothalamus/physiology , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/physiology , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/physiology , Receptors, Adrenergic/physiology , Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology , Animals , Dogs , Electric Stimulation , Gastric Acidity Determination , Phentolamine/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Histochemistry, cario- and zytometry methods showed that the activators of gastric secretion (histamine and pentagastrine) exerted opposite effects upon functional state of hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal secretory system in the guinea-pigs. Histamine (4 mg/kg) activated the system and induced the development of gastric mucosa defects. Pentagastrine (5, 12, 15, 25, and 60 mcg/kg) decreased the activity of the system. No gastric mucosa or duodenum defects developed after pentagastrine administration.
