Regulatory network of competitively interacting RNAs and effectiveness of rectal tumors radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Currently, rectal tumors radiotherapy effectiveness reaches an acceptable level only in a small number of patients (they have a complete clinical response), which is associated with the formation of malignant cells radioresistance. A comprehensive study that integrates various epigenetic parameters would explain a number of molecular mechanisms of rectal tumor cells radioresistance and identify new bio-markers. In the last decade, using high-through-put sequencing, the competitively interacting RNAs regulatory network (long non-coding RNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs) has been shown. PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to analyze the features of competitively interacting RNAs regulatory network functioning in patients with rectal cancer who are radioresistant and sensitive to radiotherapy. The study was performed on 500 patients with dia-gnosed rectal cancer. Radiotherapy was performed on a Novalis TX linear particle accelerator according to the standard protocol (single focal dose 2.4 Gy, total focal dose 54.0 Gy). Total RNA preparations were isolated from paired bio-psy fragments of tumor and non-tumor tissues of the rectum (obtained by video-colonoscopy). The relative abundance of mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA transcripts was assessed by the RT-qPCR method. Using bio-informatic analysis, the probability of potential interactions between the investigated mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA was determined. It has been shown that the effectiveness of radiotherapy depends on the level of miRNA (miRNA-195-5p; miRNA-4257; miRNA-5187-5p; miRNA-149-5p; miRNA-138 -1-3p; miRNA-6798-5p; miRNA-6819-5p; miRNA-4728-5p; miRNA-1249-5p; miRNA-557; miRNA-1273h-5p; miRNA-6737-5p; miRNA-6808-5p; miRNA-3202; miRNA-5195-3p; miRNA-130b-3p) and lncRNA (XIST, HELLPAR, NEAT1, AC008124. 1, LINC01089, LINC01547, and VASH1-AS1) expression, which regulate the DNA repair system (H2AX, RBBP8) and apoptosis (BCL2). CONCLUSION: A comprehensive study of competitively interacting RNAs regulatory network and radiotherapy effectiveness of rectal tumors made it possible to establish the mechanisms of radioresistance formation and its bio-markers.

[Placental changes in type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Pathological immune complexes (PIC) are revealed in high percent (100%) of cases by placental immunomorphological studies in insulin-dependent tissue. This leads to the development of an immunopathological process in the placental tissue. Parallel electron microscopy shows that some placental vessels are in close contact with the basal membrane of syncytiotrophoblast. PIC deposition in the area of confluence of the basal membranes of a syncytiotrophoblast and the vascular endothelium, which act as filters, results in the destruction of the basal membranes to rupture formation, causing the transplacental transport of substances together with immune complexes in the form of endocytotic vacuoles from the intervillous lacuna directly to the vessel. Active proliferation of vascular endotheliocyes leads to typical angiopathy as the body's defense reaction.

[Reproductive function in women of Tajikistan (in crisis)]. / Detorodnaia funktsiia zhitel'nits Tadzhikistana (v krizisnoi situatsii).

During the civil war the state of midwifery in Tagikistan worsened dramatically with consequent lower birth rate, higher maternal and perinatal mortality, increased neonatal morbidity. After the crisis resolution the stated parameters improved considerably.

[Electron microscopic and immunomorphologic study of the placenta in genital mycoplasmosis]. / Elektronno-mikroskopicheskoe i immunomorfologicheskoe issledovanie platsenty pri genital'nom mikoplazmoze.

Peculiar ultrastructural features allowed the authors to reveal M. Homminis corpuscles in placental tissues of women with genital mycoplasmosis. Mycoplasma was found in the amniotic epithelium, chorionic plate, in the lumen of villous capillaries, this showing possible hematogenic way of the infection from mother to fetus. In the placenta of women with genital mycoplasmosis immunopathological processes develop in association with formation of pathogenic immune complexes (PIC) that are fixing the C3 complement fraction. Location of PIC on the syncytiotrophoblast membranes and vascular endothelium causes immunological inflammation with the involvement of immunocompetent cells resulting in the destruction of syncytial membranes and membranes of the placental barrier. Damage to the placental barrier membranes promotes the development of placental failure, a complicated course of pregnancy and delivery, deterioration of the state of the fetus and newborn infant.

[The comparative characteristics of the Salmonella serotypes rarely encountered in the Maritime Territory]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika serotipov sal'monell, redko vyiavliaemykh v Primorskom krae.

The results of the comparative study of the phenotypical properties and the plasmid profile of 63 strains of salmonellae, belonging to 44 serotypes of groups B, C1, C2, C3, D, E1, E4, F. The study revealed that strains of different serotypes had their individual plasmid profile. Strains of the same serotype of salmonellae isolated from similar sources had an identical plasmid profile, while strains isolated from different sources differed in their plasmid profiles, though they might have a similar phenotype. Plasmid analysis was shown to be an effective method for the intraspecific typing of rarely isolated Salmonella serotypes and suitable for use as the basis of the microbiological monitoring of salmonellae.

[Infection and bacterial colonization of urogenital system in pregnancy, its effect on the clinical course of pregnancy, fetus and newborn]. / Infektsiia i bakterialnaia kolonizatsiia urogenitalii u beremennykh, vliianie na techenie beremennosti, plod i novorozhdennogo rebenka.

Colonization/infection of the genitals with Mycoplasma, group B Streptococci, and Chlamydia was studied in pregnant women. The course of gestation in women colonized with microorganisms was frequently aggravated by threatened spontaneous abortions, high incidence of hydramnion, late gestoses, pyelonephritis. For the newborns a reduced body mass and increased perinatal morbidity and mortality were characteristic. Transfer of microorganisms to the fetus and newborn was observed in 40-50% of cases and was not always associated with development of a disease. In cases of lethal outcomes of a neonatal disease pneumonia and placentitis were the constant morphological manifestations of the infection. In streptococcal and mycoplasmic infection the inflammation in the placenta was diffuse, involving the decium both in the placenta and in the extraplacental membranes.

[Characteristics of the course of pregnancy and labor, fetal and neonatal outcome in group B Streptococcus carriers]. / Osobennosti techeniia beremennosti i rodov, iskhod dlia ploda i novorozhdennogo u nositel'nits streptokokka gruppy B.

A retrospective analysis of the course of pregnancy, labor and its outcome for the fetus and newborn in 103 women in whose lochia group B Streptococcus was found showed a high incidence of pregnancy complications (threatened abortions in 36.9%, late gestosis in 40.7%; high incidence (21.3%) of acute respiratory viral infections during pregnancy; 27.5% of women suffered from chronic pyelonephritis. Preterm labor occurred in 21.7% of cases. Preterm escape of amniotic fluid and rapid parturition took place in 43.7% of women. Perinatal mortality was 12.6%. Pathomorphologic examination of newborns who died in labor or later revealed intrauterine pneumonia in all the cases. Coincidence of the agent serotypes in the mother and child confirmed the fact of intrauterine infection.

[Feto-placental system in diabetes mellitus and hydramnios]. / Feto-platsentarnaia sistema pri sakharnom diabete i mnogovodii.

The fetoplacental system of 132 women with diabetes mellitus and 85 healthy women was studied during the third pregnancy trimester. Blood estradiol and urinary estriol levels were found-reduced in the diabetics, particularly in those with insulin-dependent diabetes. Blood progesterone and oxytocinase levels were found unchanged. These parameters lowered in diabetic glomerulosclerosis. If pregnant diabetics develop hydramnion, their blood estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and oxytocinase levels increased.

[Receptor binding of insulin to erythrocytes in healthy women and in patients with diabetes mellitus during pregnancy]. / Retseptornoe sviazyvanie insulina na éritrotsitakh u zdorovykh zhenshchin i u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom pri beremennosti.

125I-insulin binding with specific receptors on the blood erythrocytes studied in 10 nonpregnant women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus resistant to insulin therapy (a mean daily dose of insulin was 155.0 +/- 32.4 units) and in 15 pregnant women (the 3rd term of pregnancy) with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was much lower than that in healthy nonpregnant (n-20) and pregnant (n-10) women. This reduction was determined by a decrease in the number of binding sites on the blood erythrocytes in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, especially in those who received large loses of insulin beyond the period of pregnancy. In the third term of pregnancy erythrocyte insulin binding both in the healthy women and in the patients was higher than that in respective groups of nonpregnant women, and this rise showed correlation with an increase in the number of cell receptors whereas receptor affinity to insulin in that period was lowered.