Irradiation with 365 nm and 405 nm wavelength shows differences in DNA damage of swine pancreatic islets.

INTRODUCTION: 3D printing is being used more extensively in modern biomedicine. One of the problems is selecting a proper crosslinking method of bioprinted material. Amongst currently used techniques we can distinguish: physical crosslinking (e.g. Ca2+ and Sr2+) and chemical crosslinking-the UV light crosslinking causing the biggest discussion. UV radiation is selectively absorbed by DNA, mainly in the UV-B region but also (to some extent) in UV-A and UV-C regions. DNA excitement results in typical photoproducts. The amount of strand breaks may vary depending on the period of exposition, it can also differ when cells undergo incubation after radiation. AIM: The aim of this study was to show whether and how the time of irradiation with 405 nm and 365 nm wavelengths affect DNA damage in cell lines and micro-organs (pancreatic islets). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The degree of DNA damage caused by different wavelengths of radiation (405 nm and 365 nm) was evaluated by a comet assay. The test was performed on fibroblasts, alpha cells, beta cells and porcine pancreatic islets after 24 hours incubation period. Samples without radiation treatment were selected as a control group. Results analysis consisted of determining the percent of cells with damaged DNA and the tail intensity evaluation. RESULTS: The degree of DNA damage in pancreatic islets after exposure to 405 nm wavelength oscillated between 2% and 6% depending on the tested time period (10 - 300 seconds). However, treating islets using 365 nm wavelength resulted in damage up to 50%. This clearly shows significantly less damage when using 405 nm wavelength. Similar results were obtained for the tested cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Crosslinking with 405 nm is better for pancreatic islets than crosslinking with 365 nm UV light.

Alterations of penicillin-binding proteins 1A, 2X, and 2B in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates for which amoxicillin MICs are higher than penicillin MICs.

Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of 15 selected penicillin- and amoxicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates (MICs of 2 to 8 and 8 to 16 microg/ml, respectively) were studied. In addition to typical changes in PBPs 1A and 2X, these strains had 10 unique changes in PBP 2B, including a (618)A-G substitution, which may be the key alteration associated with amoxicillin resistance.

Two allelic forms of the aureolysin gene (aur) within Staphylococcus aureus.

Proteinases of Staphylococcus aureus are emerging as potential virulence factors which may be involved in the pathogenecity of staphylococcal diseases. We describe here the structure of the gene encoding the metalloproteinase referred to as aureolysin. This gene occurs in two allelic forms and is strongly conserved among S. aureus strains, implying the possibility that the proteinase may have important housekeeping functions.

[Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and its relations to prosthetic needs]. / Zaburzenia w stawie skroniowo-zuchwowym i ich zaleznosc od potrzeb protetycznych.

As part of the programme of the Ministry of Health and Social Care 180 subjects aged 35-44 years living in Cracow, Wieliczka and its environs were studied. They were divided into 6 groups of 30 subjects in each. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction was found in 44.44% of the studied material, it was slightly more frequent in women (47.77%). The frequency was greater in the subjects living in villages. A comparison of the studied groups failed to show any statistical significance of the differences. In the analysis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in relation to occupation it was revealed that it was most frequent in qualified workers. The need for prosthetic treatment was estimated in subjects with this dysfunction and this need was recognized in 83.75% of these subjects.

[Requirements for permanent replacements in certain population groups]. / Zapotrzebowanie na uzupelnienia stale u osób w wybranych grupach ludnosci.

The analysis is presented of the results of epidemiological studies of 180 subjects of either sex aged 35-44 years from the standpoint of their needs for crowns and bridges. The proportion of subjects in need of prosthetic crowns was 30.55%, while 18.33% required bridges. The material was subjected to statistical analysis.

[Calcitonin in direct and indirect pulp capping]. / Kalcytonina w posrednim i bezposrednim przykryciu miazgi.

Calcitonin, the hormone produced by C cells of the thyroid playing a great role in calcium homeostasis, was used for direct and indirect pulp capping. This procedure was done on 200 teeth. Late follow-up after 12, 18 and 24 months or even longer was obtained in 146 cases: 110 with indirect pulp capping and 36 with direct capping. In the first follow-up examination 7 cases were regarded as failures, in late follow-up 5 failures were found, thus the total failure rate was 3.8%. The usefulness of calcitonin for biological treatment of pulp is unquestionable.

[Periodontological therapeutic needs of children aged 7 years assessed in the province of Cracow]. / Ocena parodontologicznych potrzeb leczniczych u dzieci 7-letnich woj. krakowskiego.

The values of the CPITN index and the need for periodontological treatment were determined in 180 children aged 7 years in the Province of Cracow. The results were obtained and compared in children from the City of Cracow, Wieliczka and villages in that region. A good condition of the periodontium was found in children living in Wieliczka, that is a region under particular protection. The worst state of the periodontium was found in Cracow. In all, 50.0% of children required instruction and improvement of oral hygiene. The mean sextant value of healthy periodontium per one child was 4.39.

[Assessment of the periodontium condition and therapeutic needs by the CPITN index in children aged 12 years in the province of Cracow]. / Ocena wskaznikiem CPITN stanu przyzebia i potrzeb leczniczych dzieci 12-letnich z województwa krakowskiego.

The aim of the study was assessment of the condition of the periodontium and therapeutic needs in children aged 12 years in the City of Cracow, Wieliczka and villages in the Province of Cracow. The total number of the studied children was 180 including 90 girls and 90 boys, 30 girls and 30 boys in each group. The number of sextants with healthy periodontium was 738, the mean value per one child was 4.10, it was higher in girls--4.24 and lower in boys--3.95. The per cent of children with healthy periodontium was 24.44%, the per cent of children with bleeding on probing was 30.56%, and with tartar--45.00%. The highest values of this parameter were found in Wieliczka children, and the lowest ones in village children. The needs for treatment of the periodontium in children aged 12 years were as follows: 75.56% required improvement of oral hygiene, 45.00% required removal of tartar. The lowest needs were in Wieliczka children--60.00%, and the highest in village children--86.67%.

[Indicator of periodontal therapeutic needs (CPITN) in adults aged between 35-44 years from three population groups in Cracow province]. / Wskaznik parodontologicznych potrzeb leczniczych (CPITN) u doroslych w wieku 35-44 lat trzech grup populacyjncy województwa Krakowskiego.

Parodontological therapeutic needs in 180 persons aged between 35-44 years among inhabitants of Cracow, Wieliczka and villages of Cracow province have been determined. Among women and men under examination the following needs have predominated: the necessity of dental deposits removal and curretage of pathological gingival pockets (75.56--77.78%). In 39 persons (21.68%) there was a need of complex treatment.