ABSTRACT
Blood group [ABO system] distribution was analysed in 245 children with complications after smallpox vaccination. One hundred and thirty-two children had neurological and 113 and skin or mucosal complications. 41.6% of the children were blood-group A or AB. 58.4% were blood group O or B, which was not a significant difference from the normal population [44.7%---48.7% and 51.0%---55.9%, respectively]. The analysis did not show in persons possessing blood groups A or AB an enhanced susceptibility to complications following antismallpox immunization or to particularly severe clinical forms of these complications. Immunological advantages in persons with blood group O or B were not found either.
Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System , Smallpox Vaccine/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Isoantibodies/immunology , Male , Neutralization Tests , Skin Manifestations , Vaccination , Vaccinia virus/immunologyABSTRACT
In this work the multiple puncture method (in 76 cases) was compared with the scarification method--2 clinear cuts (in 70 cases). "Vaccine take" of the vaccines demonstrated a statistically significant difference: by the first method the percentage of personal "vaccine take" was 98.7, and by the second--86.4. The multiple puncture method produced a less pronounced local and general reaction. Immunological efficacy of the multiple puncture method (evaluated by hemagglutination inhibition test and neutralization test in the tissue culture) was quite satisfactory and failed to differ from such in vaccination by scarification.
Subject(s)
Punctures/methods , Smallpox Vaccine/administration & dosage , Vaccination/methods , Child, Preschool , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Smallpox/immunologyABSTRACT
Children (aged from 3 to 9 years) vaccinated against smallpox by multiple puncture (3 punctures by bifurcation needle), by a single cut and with vaccine diluted with a double dose of the solvent were observed. Vaccination by the methods tested considerably diminished the vaccinal reactions and failed to influence appreciably the formation of a full-value humoral immunity; only dilution of the vaccination material reduced the dynamics of the immunogenesis at the early periods after the vaccination. In children aged 3--5 and 6--9 years general vaccinal reactions were of the same character, whereas local reactions and immunological response were more pronounced in older children. A method of multiple puncture is recommended for mass vaccinations and also for vaccination of children with relative contraindications to the vaccinations.
