Single-dose ceftriaxone versus multiple-dose cefuroxime for antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis in pleuropulmonary surgery.

The efficacy and safety of single-dose ceftriaxone and multiple-dose cefuroxime as antibiotic prophylaxis for pleuropulmonary surgery were compared in 160 patients undergoing thoracic surgery. 82 patients received a single-dose of 2 g ceftriaxone intravenous prior to surgery. Seventy-eight patients received 1.5 g of cefuroxime i.v. prior to surgery and 750 mg i.m. every 8 hours for the next 48 hours. Patients were observed daily for ten days postoperatively and monitored for signs of wound and systemic infections. Postoperative infections were studied in each treatment group. No adverse postoperative infections effects or laboratory abnormalities attributable to either drug were noted. Those results indicate that single-dose ceftriaxone was as effective and well-tolerated as a multiple-dose cefuroxime in preventing postoperative infections following pleuropulmonary surgery.

[Pharmacokinetic testing of patients with bronchial asthma]. / Farmakodinamsko testiranje bolesnika s bronhalnom astmom.

The study represents the investigation on pharmacodynamic lung function testing in 40 patients (21 with extrinsic asthma and 19 with intrinsic asthma). Skin prick tests on common inhalation allergens, IgE antibodies, spirometry, flow-volume curve, body plethysmography and pharmacodynamic testing with salbutamol spray were performed in each person. The greatest changes after beta 2 agonist were established by plethysmographic parameters SGaw (mean increase 117%) and Raw (mean decrease 45%), than by the expiratory flow rates from flow-volume curve: FEF25%-75% and FEF50% (mean increase 26%), than the FEV1 (+ 15%), the PEF (also + 15%), the RV (mean decrease 17%) and the FVC (mean increase 8%). The aim of this study was to represent the necessity of the complex analysis and interpretation of the results of pharmacodynamic testings because of many factors that might change the values of the tests.