[Possible relationship between the cytologic characteristics of mouse leukemia P-388 cells and their sensitivity to rubomycin]. / Vozmozhnaia sviaz' mezhdu tsitologicheskimi kharakteristikami opukholevykh kletok leikoza P-388 myshei i ikh chuvstvitel'nost'iu k rubomitsinu.

In search for markers of tumor cell resistance to cytostatic drugs, cytologic characteristics were compared of resistant and sensitive to rubomycin variants of mouse P-388 leukemia. Morphocytochemical, morphometrical and cytogenetic investigations were performed as well as measurements of intracellular pH. As shown by the fluorescent test, pH levels in rubomycin-sensitive and resistant subpopulations differed. This fact evidences an important role of intracellular pH in inducing the resistance and revealed some mechanisms of rubomycin-resistant tumor cell selection.

[The reaction of the mast cell population to the intratracheal administration of heparin and fucoidan]. / Reaktsiia tuchno-kletochnoi populiatsii na intratrakheal'noe vvedenie geparina i fukoidana.

Mast cell population of rat after single intratracheal injection of heparin and fukoidan was investigated with cytofluorometry and cytochemical methods. These polysaccharides have great differences in the molecular weight nevertheless they both were found to include in mast cells.

[Regulation of erythropoiesis in patients with iron deficiency anemia]. / Reguliatsiia éritropoéza u bol'nykh zhelezodefitsitnoi anemiei.

Erythropoietin level in the blood plasma, iron metabolism, and some erythron parameters characterizing anemia expression, erythropoiesis effectiveness and processes of hemoglobin synthesis were studied in patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). The results of the investigation helped the authors to establish that hormone production in IDA patients is under the control of a feedback mechanism that is functioning at a lower level as compared to other non-renal anemias. It has been suggested that optimum possible erythron functioning in IDA patients is achieved under these conditions.

[The parameters of tumor cell proliferation as a prognostic factor in lymphosarcomas]. / Parametry proliferatsii opukholevykh kletok kak prognosticheskii faktor pri limfosarkomakh.

Cytophotometry of DNA was used to measure cell fractions in the S + G2 phases of the mitotic cycle in imprints of the involved lymph nodes and/or smears of the cells isolated from archival paraffin blocks of 60 patients with lymphosarcoma. Parallel studies have shown that both cell sources permit obtaining similar results (r = 0.98, p less than 0.001). The mean S + G2 values increased with the increment of the histological degree of malignancy, amounting to 1.6 +/- 0.4, 3.4 +/- 0.5 and 7.4 +/- 2.7% for patients with low, intermediate and high degrees, respectively. However, the statistically significant differences in accordance with Wilcoxon's criterion were revealed but for the second and third groups. To estimate the independent prognostic importance of the S + G2 parameter, all the patients were distributed into 2 groups. The first group included patients, in whom the magnitude of S + G2 did not surpass 3%, whereas the second one was made up of patients with the S + G2 values exceeding 3%. In the second group, the mean survival reached 13.8 +/- 4.0 months. At present 45% (9 out of 20) are still alive. In the first group, the mean survival was 25.2 +/- 3.8 months, with 70% of the patients being alive (28 out of 40). The significance of the differences is very high: p less than 0.001. Thus, the S + G2 parameter turned out to be reversely dependent on the survival of lymphosarcoma patients.

[Seasonal changes in lysosomal pH of peripheral blood cells of healthy subjects]. / Sezonnye izmeneniia vnutrilizosomal'nogo pH v kletkakh perifericheskoi krovi zdorovykh liudei.

We studied pH values in lysosomes of peripheral blood white cells of 49 blood donors using the two-wavelengths (470 and 450 nm) microspectrophotometry of neutral red after supravital in vitro staining. In polymorphonuclear leucocytes lysosomal pH reaches the highest values in August-September (6.98 +/- 0.04) and the lowest--in February-March (6.23 +/- 0.09), p less than 0.05.

[Recombinant alpha-interferon (reaferon) in the treatment of patients with chronic myeloleukemia]. / Rekombinantnyi al'fa-interferon (reaferon) v lechenii bol'nykh khronicheskim mieloleikozom.

The authors relate the results of a clinical study of the Soviet recombination alpha-interferon (reaferon) in 46 patients with chronic myeloleukemia at different stages of the disease. Reaferon is shown to be tolerated well, to have a low percentage of side effects in particular high temperature and allergic reactions, to possess no hepato-, nephro- and cardiotoxicity. It has been proved that in patients with chronic myeloleukemia reaferon produces an independent antiproliferative effect and is capable of controlling the leukemic process without chemotherapeutic drug (in the stable chronic phase of the disease). Doses and administration of reaferon for a long time are suggested in order to prolong the disease course.

[Changes in the pH of leukocyte granules during the storage of preserved donor blood]. / Izmenenie pH granul leikotsitov v protsesse khraneniia konservirovannoi donorskoi krovi.

Data are presented on pH values in lymphocyte and neutrophil granules, as well as parameters of fluctuating pH changes in individual granules at early terms of storage (up to 72 h), evaluated by cytophotometry with the use of the vital stain neutral red in microspectrophotometer (Univar Reichert, Austria). An average value of pH in donor neutrophil granules was 6.57-0.12 (range 6.21-7.02). At day 3 of storage it decreased at average by 0.18 pH units. Rhythmical changes of pH in individual granules with pH 0.2-0.44 were found on all days of storage. The period of the rhythm lengthened from 3 min on day 1 to 4 min on day 3. This shift as well as acidification of granules during storage reflects their functional deterioration. The storage did not affect pH values in lymphocyte lysosomes which at average were 6.4, 6.5 and 6.35 on days 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

[The prognostic significance of parameters of bone marrow blast cell proliferation in patients with acute leukemia]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie parametrov proliferatsii blastnykh kletok kostnogo mozga u bol'nykh ostrym leikozom.

Percentage of bone marrow blasts in S-phase (S%) in acute leukemia patients was evaluated by 3H-thymidine autoradiography or Feulgen cytophotometry at the initial acute period before chemotherapy. In acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) patients who showed complete remission (CR) S% was 8.6 +/- 1.8% versus 2.1 +/- 0.4% in cases without CR (p less than 0.001). In acute non-lymphoid leukemia (ANLL) the corresponding values were 11.4 +/- 1.4% and 8.3 +/- 1.8%, p greater than 0.05. A negative correlation was observed between S% and the duration of CR in ALL: S% was 13.0 +/- 0.7% in CR, more than 12 months, and 6.9 +/- 1.1% in CR less than 12 months (p less than 0.01). The duration of life also correlated negatively with S%. In ALL S% was 9.5 +/- 1.5% for patients with survival less than 12 months versus 6.2 +/- 0.6% for patients with survival more than 12 months (p less than 0.05). In ANLL the difference (10.3 +/- 1.6% and 6.8 +/- 1.2, respectively) was not significant (p greater than 0.05). Thus in ALL the correlations between S% and the probability to achieve CR is positive, while the correlations between S% and survival and remission duration are negative. In ANLL these correlations are statistically insignificant.

[Preparation and characteristics of a new transformed cell line G11 by transfection of NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts with DNA from the SA7 oncogene of simian adenovirus]. / Poluchenie i kharakteristika novoi transformirovannoi kletochnoi linii G11 pri transfektsii fibroblastov myshei NIH/3T3 DNK onkogena adenovirusa obez'ian SA7.

Murine fibroblasts NIH 3T3 were transfected with the plasmid pASP containing simian adenovirus oncogene insertion. Focus forming transformants were cloned with a final dilution technique and a new cell line G11 was created as a result. Transformed status of this cell line is evidenced by changes in morphology, specific cytochemical and adhesion properties, ability to grow in semisolid agar and FCS concentration growth independence. Presence of intact integrated E1a-region of adenovirus SA7 oncogene was shown by blot-hybridization technique. Transformed status of G11 cells can be explained by integration of SA7 oncogene, that is evidenced indirectly by the increased resistance to heat shock.

[Predictive significance of parameters of tumor cell proliferation]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie parametrov proliferatsii opukholevykh kletok.

Recent publications on prognostic significance of tumour cell proliferation parameters (mitotic index, 3H-thymidine labelling index, cell cycle distributions using DNA-measurements) in certain human tumours are reviewed. Data on acute leukaemia are controversial. In all other haematological and non-haematological malignancies the cell proliferation parameters correlated inversely with survival rate of patients and with the duration of the relapse-free period. Practical application of these data are discussed.

[Complex assessment of the proliferation of epidermal and tumor cells in malignant skin lymphoma]. / Kompleksnaia otsenka proliferatsiia épidermal'nykh i opukholevykh kletok pri zlokachestvennykh limfomakh kozhi.

Keratinocyte and tumor cell proliferative activities in skin biopsy specimens of 49 patients with various forms of malignant lymphomas of the skin are analyzed. The mitotic index and 3H thymidine labeled nuclei index in the epidermal and tumor proliferate cells were under study; cytophotometry of the tumor cell DNA was carried out, as well as analysis of correlations of the examined parameters and the patients' life spans. The findings evidence an increase of the keratinocyte proliferative activity in epidermotropic malignant lymphomas of the skin, this pointing to the significance of epidermal abnormalities in the development of this condition.

[Erythron in patients with polycythemia vera during treatment by erythrocytapheresis and bloodletting]. / Eritron u bol'nykh istinnoi politsitemiei v protsesse lecheniia éritrotsitaferezom i krovospuskaniiami.

An analysis of the results of determination of erythropoietin in the blood plasma of patients with polycythemia vera and data on the kinetics of erythroid cell proliferation led to a conclusion that erythrocytapheresis more than bloodletting stimulated the production of erythropoietin and the cell proliferative potential. Activation of regenerative processes probably determined by deinhibition of the normal clone of bone marrow erythroid cells, can account for the mechanism of a therapeutic effect of erythrocytapheresis in patients with polycythemia vera.

[Morphometric characteristics of argentaffin nucleolar structures in peripheral blood lymphoid cells from patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and chronic lymphoid leukemias]. / Morfometricheskaia kharakteristika argentofil'nykh struktur nukleol limfoidnykh kletok perifericheskoi krovi bol'nykh nekhodzhkinskimi limfomami i khronicheskim limfoleikozom.

Interphase lymphoid nucleoli of Ag-NOR stained site areas were measured on the TAS system in peripheral blood lymphoid cells with the known immunologic phenotype of 19 patients with lymphoid neoplasia (non-Hidgkin's lymphoma, CLL, hair-cell leukemia) and 10 healthy donors. The area of Ag-granules in neoplastic cells is much greater than in normal lymphocytes and does not correlate with a proliferation of cells but correlates with a malignancy grade of the disease. These data are discussed in terms of rDNA transcription patterns in malignant cells.

[Complex evaluation of the proliferative activity of tumor cells in different histological variants of lung cancer]. / Kompleksnaia otsenka osobennostei proliferatsii opukholevykh kletok pri razlichnykh gistologicheskikh formakh raka legkogo.

Mitotic regime, labelling index and DNA distribution in malignant lung tumours of different histological types (47 cases) were investigated. The most pronounced proliferative activity in combination with high incidence of three group metaphases and multipolar mitoses of bi- and polyclonal cases of undifferentiated cancer and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were established. Well-differentiated tumours were monoclonal and usually had a low labelling index. The high incidence of c-mitoses in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas is, probably, an evidence for a more pronounced damage of their cell multiplication.