ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify the possible benefits of physical activity program in improving the antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid profile among smokers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen cigarette smokers (CS), 14 hookah smokers (HS), and 14 non-smokers (NS) participated in the low-intensity continuous training (LCT). Eleven CS, 12 HS, and 12 NS participated in the moderate-intensity intermittent training (MIT). The LCT groups performed a 20 to 30-minute continuous exercise at 40% of the VO2max. The MIT groups performed 6 to 10 sets of 2-minute sprint at 70% of the VO2max interspersed by a 1-min recovery period. At baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, the antioxidant defense activity and lipid profile were assessed. RESULTS: The improvement in antioxidant capacity under the effect of MIT program is statistically more significant than after LCT. The increase of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), malondialdehyde (MDA) and α-tocopherol was higher in smoker subjects participating in the MIT program compared to those participating in the LCT. In contrast, the LCT program has favorably altered lipid and lipoprotein profile of smokers and thus reduced their cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of the two training methods may have major implications in both defense and prevention programs.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Oxidative Stress , Antioxidants/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation , Lipids , Malondialdehyde , Smoking/adverse effects , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To characterise early growth and neurocognitive development in children of mothers with a history of eating disorders (ED). DESIGN: A longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Child-care centres in Stockholm, Sweden. POPULATION: Children born to mothers with previous ED (n = 47) (24 anorexia nervosa, 20 bulimia nervosa, 3 unspecified ED), and controls (n = 65). METHODS: Mean values and standard deviation scores of weight and height from birth to 5 years of age and head circumference up to 18 months of age were compared between groups. Neurocognitive development was studied at the age of 5 years by the validated parent questionnaire Five to Fifteen. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Head growth and neurocognitive development. RESULTS: We previously reported that mothers with a history of ED conceived infants with lower birthweight and head circumference than controls. At 3 months of age, body mass index (BMI) was no longer reduced but mean head circumferences of the children born to mothers with ED were smaller throughout the observation period. Similarly, the longitudinal results of the standard deviation scores of head circumference showed a significant overall group effect with lower levels in both subgroups of ED (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa). The children of the ED mothers also had significantly higher Five to Fifteen scores than controls, reflecting difficulties in language skills. Head circumference at birth correlated with language skills in the children of mothers with ED. CONCLUSION: Children of mothers with previous ED demonstrated an early catch-up in BMI, but the average head circumference continued to be delayed until at least 18 months of age. The reduced head growth was related to delayed neurocognitive development.
Subject(s)
Cephalometry , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Language Development Disorders/epidemiology , Skull/growth & development , Adult , Birth Weight , Case-Control Studies , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Logistic Models , Longitudinal Studies , Pregnancy , Social Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sweden/epidemiologySubject(s)
Myasthenia Gravis/complications , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/etiology , Action Potentials/physiology , Adolescent , Blepharoptosis/etiology , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Myasthenia Gravis/immunology , Oculomotor Muscles/physiology , Pyridostigmine Bromide/administration & dosage , Pyridostigmine Bromide/therapeutic use , Thymectomy , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/drug therapy , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/immunology , Urodynamics/drug effects , Urodynamics/physiologyABSTRACT
Patients with spinal cord injuries are prone to knee hydrarthrosis (also known as "water on the knee"), which can cause pain, functional impairment and the restriction of social activities. Total knee arthroplasty is a potentially appropriate treatment. Here, we report on a patient presenting partial T12 AIS grade C paraplegia who was able to walk with two forearm crutches, an ankle-foot orthosis on the right leg and a knee-ankle-foot orthosis on the left leg. Thirteen years after the spinal cord injury, the patient presented with septic arthritis of the right knee, complicated by recurrent hydrarthrosis during standing and walking. Arthroscopy revealed advanced osteoarthritis. Total knee arthroplasty was performed, with very good functional and social outcomes two and half years after surgery.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Infectious/surgery , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Hydrarthrosis/surgery , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery , Paraplegia/complications , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Accidents, Occupational , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Arthritis, Infectious/complications , Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy , Arthroscopy , Bone Transplantation , Combined Modality Therapy , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Humans , Hydrarthrosis/complications , Lumbar Vertebrae/injuries , Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery , Male , Orthotic Devices , Osteoarthritis, Knee/complications , Paraplegia/rehabilitation , Spinal Cord Injuries/rehabilitation , Spinal Fractures/complications , Spinal Fractures/surgery , Staphylococcal Infections/complications , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/surgery , Thoracic Vertebrae/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Bladder dysfunction is constant in patients with spinal cord injury and this whatever is the injury level. They are characterized by a variable profile and changing in the course of the years. They constitute not only, an important cause of morbidity in this population but also mortality. AIM: The aim of this work is to emphasize the importance of the diagnosis and to study the bladder behaviour while clarifying the evolution of this type of bladder and to present a protocol of management of a neurogenic bladder. METHODS: retrospective study. 2 assessments in 6 months of interval were realized. The bladder evaluation consisted in a biological assessment, a urinary ultrasound, a cystography and urodynamic investigations. The management is initially realized there to hospital. RESULTS: Our study contains 62 persons with spinal cord injury of average age of 32, 4 years with post traumatic period average is of 41, 47 months. The various evaluations allowed us to conclude that there is a significant change of the neurological status as well as the urinary biological values with significant deterioration of the various ultrasound, cystography and urodynamic data. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis and the management of the neurological bladders of persons with spinal cord injury have to be besides the other deficiencies that these patients as well as neurological, orthopaedic, and cutaneous devices, because this is going to allow to improve their quality as well as their life expectation. Our results underline the importance and the necessity to establish a protocol of neurogenic bladder control rigorous and codified which remains to adapt according to every patient. This protocol is sometimes difficult to apply given the fact of the misunderstanding of this type of deficiency.
Subject(s)
Population Surveillance , Spinal Cord Injuries/complications , Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/etiology , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Guideline Adherence , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Quality of Life , Recovery of Function , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Spinal Cord Injuries/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/diagnosis , UrodynamicsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To study postural and spinal static modifications associated with chronic low back pain in menopausal women. METHODS: Clinical appreciation of static spinal profile in sagittal plane; postural evaluation on the Balance Master Neurocom force platform by the modified clinical test for the sensory interaction on balance (modified CTSIB test); Radiological evaluation of spinal and pelvic parameters as well as the sagittal profile according to the Roussouly classification. RESULTS: Spinal curves clinical measurement and the sway velocity of the pressure center on the Balance Master Neurocom do not show significant difference between the two groups. While the pressure center position in the anteroposterior axis shows significant difference between the two groups (p=0.02) with a more backwards projection found in chronic low back pain subjects. Radiological evaluation shows sagittal shelter significantly superior, sacral slope significantly lower and the type 1 of lumbar lordosis more frequent in chronic low back pain women compared to healthy women. DISCUSSION-CONCLUSION: In menopausal women, chronic low back pain seems to be associated with lower sacal slope, the type 1 of lumbar lordosis more frequent and behindly projection of pressure center.
Subject(s)
Low Back Pain/physiopathology , Menopause , Pelvic Bones/diagnostic imaging , Postmenopause , Postural Balance , Posture , Spine/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Female , Humans , Low Back Pain/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Radiography , Sacrum/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of conservative treatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. METHOD: A prospective open study of patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears. The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography examination. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated before treatment, at the end of the treatment, and at 1, 3 and 6 months. Pain and handicap intensity were measured by a visual analogue scale, by the algo-functional Constant score, by articular mobility and, finally, by the resumption of daily and/or professional activities. Successful treatment was considered with a VAS pain score