ABSTRACT
Background: Ethical sensitivity is defined as paying attention to ethical ideals in a conflict situation and being conscious of one's own role and duty in that situation. One essential element of ethical conduct is the ability to recognize and respond to ethical dilemmas. Lack of or diminished ethical awareness is a breach of nursing's professional obligation since it can lead to morally incongruent treatment. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the hemodialysis nurse's ethical awareness in Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, based on these study criteria, we have enrolled 300 nurses from five different hospitals in Jizan, Saudi Arabia. During the epidemic, an online questionnaire study was distributed, and enrolled nurses signed an electronic consent form. Results: Data obtained were statistically analyzed. Clinical data include age (32.3 ± 5.5), gender (F: 78.7%-M: 21.3%), educational level (diploma/bachelor-48% and master/PhD-4%), experience (1-5 years = 28%, 6-10 years = 36%, 11-15 years = 24.7%, and above 15 years = 11.3%), and no nurses were found to be in nursing practice ethics. The total sensitivity rate was determined to be 107 ± 15.6. Caring by connecting with others (15.9 ± 3.1) and generating interpretation and options (16.2 ± 3.1) obtained the highest mean scores among the seven subscales. Taking others' perspectives (14.4 ± 3.2) and identifying the repercussions of actions and options (14.8 ± 2.6) on the other hand. The study also discovered a statistically significant relationship between ethical sensitivity subscales and age, country, and years of experience. The relevance of generating interpretations and possibilities with age (P < 0.05), reading and expressing emotions and nationality (P < 0.05), and years of experience with reading and expressing emotions (P < 0.05) were specifically mentioned. Conclusion: This study concludes that hemodialysis nurses in Jizan have a high level of ethical sensitivity. This study suggests that future studies should focus on practicing, educating, and implementing a policy proposal that enhances hemodialysis nurses' ethical awareness when providing nursing care.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of dental professionals regarding informed consent (IC) in Madina City. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability before it was distributed using Google Forms through WhatsApp among a sample of 299 dental professionals working in Madina City. IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for analysis. RESULTS: Two-hundred ninety-nine responses were collected. Sixty percent scored less than the group average regarding knowledge, and 52% scored less than the group average regarding attitude. Regarding practice, 57% scored below the group average. Saudi dentists and those who work in the Ministry of Health (MOH) had better knowledge scores than other tested groups. Dentists working in the MOH had better attitude and practice scores than those who work in the private sector. Regarding attitude and practice, consultants achieved better scores than registrars and general dentists. More than 90% indicated that the main reason for obtaining an IC is to protect themselves from legal actions. CONCLUSION: The KAP of surveyed dental professionals in Madina is suboptimal and needs improvement.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Sonoelastography is an emerging technology that has been used to evaluate the musculoskeletal system including the brachial plexus of peripheral nerves, which has been only recently considered for study by shear wave elastography. The purpose of this study is to establish the normal sonoelastographic features of the C5-C7 nerve roots of the brachial plexus. METHODS: Forty healthy individuals (21 males and 19 females) were enrolled in the study. Shear wave elastography was used to evaluate the C5-C7 nerve roots of the brachial plexus at the interscalene interval. Normal sonoelastographic values were obtained. RESULTS: The mean shear elastic modulus of the C5 nerve root was 16.9 kPa (range 5.9-28.8 ± 4.9 standard deviation, SD), 15.7 kPa (range 5.4-26.3 ± 4.3 SD) for the C6 nerve root, and 16 kPa (range 8-29 ± 4.6 SD) for the C7 nerve root. There was a significant statistical difference between both sexes in the elastic modulus at the C6 and C7, but not at the C5 nerve roots. Significant inverse correlation with height was noted at the C6 nerve root. There was no statistical significant difference in tissue stiffness between right- and left-handed subjects, age, and body mass index. CONCLUSION: The elastic modulus of the C5-C7 nerve roots has been determined in asymptomatic individuals and can serve as a reference when studying pathological conditions of these structures. ABBREVIATIONS: BMI: body mass index; SWE: shear wave elastography.
