ABSTRACT
The author presents a concise overview of the royal prescriptions and methods of popular medicine on the fighting of rabies in Hungary during the 18th and 19th century.
Subject(s)
Communicable Disease Control/history , Rabies/history , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , HungarySubject(s)
Veterinary Medicine/history , Animals , Historiography , History, 20th Century , History, Modern 1601- , HungarySubject(s)
Education, Pharmacy , Students , Germany , History, 20th Century , Humans , Hungary , WarfareSubject(s)
Veterinary Medicine , Warfare , Austria , Germany , History, 20th Century , Hungary , StudentsABSTRACT
In open chest anaesthetized dogs the haemodynamic effects of solutions of equal hyperosmolarity (viz. NaHCO3 8%, NaCl k.6%, and glucose 34.3%, solutions) given into the bronchial artery were studied. Administration of any of these solutions directly into the bronchial artery resulted in increased cardiac output, stroke volume, bronchial blood flow, and bronchial fraction of the cardiac output, and decreased heart rate and bronchial as well as pulmonary vascular resistances. When given into the pulmonary circulation, the same solutions evoked similar reactions of smaller magnitude. To exclude the effect of major surgical trauma and the open-chest condition, another experimental model closer to the physiological situation was also developed. In this preparation NaHCO3 failed to produce the above haemodynamic response even when given into the bronchial artery. After a one-hour bleeding period resulting in a drop of arterial blood pressure to 40 mmHg, while using the same preparation, the administration f NaHCO3 solution into the bronchial artery caused a significant rise in blood pressure in both the systemic and pulmonary arteries. In these experiments a correlation was found between arterial oxygen tension and the extent of change in blood pressure. The exact mechanism of action of the observed haemodynamic changes is still not clear. However, it is likely that receptors localized in the area of the bronchial circulation and sensitive to hypoxia might have played a role in the development of the haemodynamic effects described.
Subject(s)
Bicarbonates/pharmacology , Bronchial Arteries , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Pulmonary Circulation/drug effects , Animals , Bicarbonates/administration & dosage , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Dogs , Female , Glucose Solution, Hypertonic , Hypertonic Solutions , Kinetics , Male , Saline Solution, Hypertonic , Sodium BicarbonateABSTRACT
We are convinced on the basis of experiments made on animals and on the basis of observations made during pneumonectomies operations, that the expired CO2 does not originate only from the arterial pulmonary system. Our experineces prove that the expired CO2 originates in a not negligible quantity from the blood of the bronchial arteries and the metabolism of the lung.
