[Effect of the motivation factor on the utilization by animals of prior experience in an altered learning situation]. / Vliianie motivatsionnogo faktora na ispol'zovanie zhivotnymi prezhnego opyta pri izmenenii situatsii obucheniia.

At studying the use by the rats of previous experience in conditions of change of the dominant need and change of learning situation, data were obtained that allowed to evaluate differently the significance of drinking and defensive motivations as a factor providing for dissociated learning of animals. Significance is discussed of motivation factor during the use by the rats of one or other behavioural strategies in the process of learning.

[Effect of destruction of the hippocampus and septum on learning in the rat in "negative transfer" situations]. / Vliianie razrusheniia gippokampa i septum na obuchenie krys v situatsii s "otritsatel'nym perenosom".

Intact rats and rats with lesions of the hippocampus and septum were trained to repeated switching-over of the habit of choosing the reinforced side of the maze as well as to alternation of reinforced side choice. Repeated switchings-over of the habit impedes the subsequent elaboration of the choice alternation ("negative transfer"). In operated animals, the interferating effect of the previous experience is more expressed. The observed deficit of training is due to disturbance in the apparatus limiting the process of search and retrieval of adequate information from the memory.

[Subcortical structures of the brain and the behavior of white rats]. / Podkorkovye struktury mozga i povedenie belykh krys.

Conditioned food and defensive reflexes have been studied in white rats following bilateral injury of paleo-, archi-, neostriatum, substantia nigra and paleocortex. It has been shown that these deep structures play a role in the operational memory of animals.

[Motor conditioned reflexes after lesioning the hippocampus and fornix in the cat]. / Dvigatel'nye uslovnye refleksy posle povrezhdeniia gippokampa i svoda u koshek.

The paper outlines the results of experimental investigation of the role of the hippocampus and fornix in the organization of internal inhibition in animals (cats). Internal inhibition is regarded as a mechanism which provides for the formation and manifestation of such previously identified functions of the hippocampus, as comparison and narrowing of the scanning area in the memory.

[Effect of damage to the substantia nigra on conditioned reflex activity in animals]. / Vliianie povrezhdeniia chernoi substantsii na uslovnoreflektornuiu deiatel'nost' zhivotnykh.

Effects of the Substantia nigra injury on conditioned activities were studied on rats and cats by defensive and feeding methods, respectively. Bilateral injury of the Substantia nigra led to temporary disappearance of conditioned defensive and feeding motor reflexes, to prolongation of latency and duration of motor reaction. In cats the injury of the Substantia nigra produced a 30--40% decrease of the accuracy of food direction choice. Similar changes were observed following injury of the Nucleus caudatus head.

[Role of the hippocampus in conditioned reflex activity]. / O roli gippokampa v uslovnoreflektornoi deiatel'nosti.

The role of the hippocampus in animals' conditioned activity was studied in experiments on rats and cats with ablated hippocampus. It was shown that in rats the ablation leads to a statistically significant slowing down in learning of the avoidance reaction. The effect becomes stronger in stress situation. The process of learning and optimization of choice reaction in the maze with alimentary reinforcement if sharply impaired in rats with bilateral ablation of hippocampus. The bilateral ablation of the hippocampus in cats in experiments with choice of the side of the alimentary reinforcement prolonged the latencies and sharply increased the number of erroneous reactions. The obtained data are analyzed in terms of fronto-pallido-hippocampal system, which selects, compares and integrates sensory information at the stage of the afferent synthesis.