Subject(s)
Medical Oncology/organization & administration , Neoplasms/therapy , Cancer Care Facilities/organization & administration , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Female , Health Care Reform/organization & administration , Humans , Incidence , Male , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Breast/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Humans , Mastectomy, Radical , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Prognosis , Radiotherapy Dosage , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
The paper discusses the results of a cooperative study concerned with the immediate and end results of treatment of stage III cancer of the antral part and body of the stomach in patients randomly assigned to receive surgery either alone (142 cases) or in combination with preoperative Co 60 gamma teletherapy (139). Preoperative radiotherapy was not followed by increase in postoperative complication rate as compared to surgery alone. Combined treatment appeared to assure higher three- and five-year survival. Irradiation in the total dose of 20 Gy induced grade I-II pathomorphosis of tumor. Ways towards raising the efficacy of the radiation component of combined (radiosurgical) treatment of gastric cancer need to be further investigated.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Pyloric Antrum , Stomach Neoplasms/therapy , Adenocarcinoma/radiotherapy , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Adult , Cobalt Radioisotopes/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications , Preoperative Care , Radioisotope Teletherapy , Radiotherapy Dosage , Stomach Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Medical Oncology/trends , Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Problem Solving , RussiaABSTRACT
The results of surgical treatment of early breast cancers are discussed. Radical mastectomy for stage I tumor and a modified mastectomy after Patey-for stage II were shown to be feasible. A cooperative randomized study on therapy of localized stage IIb and IIIb breast tumors made the case for application of polychemotherapy as a component of combined and complex therapy.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/surgery , International Cooperation , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Combined Modality Therapy , Europe, Eastern , Female , Humans , Mastectomy/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Random Allocation , Research , RussiaABSTRACT
The advantages offered by application of combined and complex treatment make the case for perfecting procedures of optimal choice, combination and adequate evaluation of the efficacy of methods of malignant tumor treatment. The report deals with a retrospective analysis of procedures of evaluation of cancer patients treatment. Treatment modalities, concurrent monitoring and alternative study group selection are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the role and significance of cooperative prospective and retrospective randomization studies.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/therapy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Combined Modality Therapy , Evaluation Studies as Topic , HumansSubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Adult , Aged , Cancer Care Facilities , Female , Humans , Interinstitutional Relations , Middle Aged , RussiaSubject(s)
Medical Oncology/education , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Female , Humans , Precancerous Conditions , RussiaABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with the joint scientific studies conducted at the Institute and hospitals of the Russian Federative Republic in accordance with the Republic-sponsored complex program of research in neoplasms. The results of organization work obtained within the last 5 years, research and clinical data on some aspects of the problem are discussed. It is stressed that joint studies are of great importance for both speeding up the solution of research and practical problems and effective monitoring the integration of scientific achievements with practice to raise the standards of service offered by public health institutions. The results of studies on combined treatment of lung and breast cancer and diagnosis and therapy of cervical and endometrial carcinoma are evaluated.
Subject(s)
Multi-Institutional Systems , Neoplasms , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Clinical Trials as Topic , Combined Modality Therapy , Cytodiagnosis , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Russia , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/therapySubject(s)
Academic Medical Centers , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Interinstitutional Relations , Medical Oncology , Humans , Research , USSRABSTRACT
A number of medical establishments are conducting a joint study on Immunology of Tumors sponsored by CMEA. The study is carried out under the auspices of the P. A. Herzen Research Institute in the following directions: (1) Investigations in the diagnostic and prognostic value of immunologic tests in oncological clinic; (2) Establishment of basal immunological status of patients and its changes in relation to stages of cancer development; (3) Identification of immunological markers for tumors of different sites. This research is channeled into several programs. The success of the whole venture depends on active participation of all concerned. The results of the study will contribute to the clinical experience of application of immunological tests in examination of considerable groups of patients with tumors at different sites.
