[Pattern of recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in correctional work camps]. / O strukture retsidivov tuberkulëza lëgkikh u lits, nakhodiashchikhsia v ispravitelno-trudovykh uchrezhdeniiakh.

The incidence and causes of pulmonary tuberculosis recurrences were studied in the convicted persons from the corrective-labour establishments of the Saratov Region. There was a specificity of aggravating factors that influenced the occurrence of relapses. The findings are interpreted in the paper.

[Epidemiological foci of pulmonary tuberculosis among the inmates of reformatories]. / Epidemiologicheskie ochagi tuberkuleza legkikh sredi kontingentov ispravitel'no-trudovykh uchrezhdenii i lechebno-trudovykh profilaktoriev.

Among the convicts of the Saratov region reformatories and prisons there are now 3 types of tuberculosis foci: extensive, congruent and stable. It is stated that these foci have arisen by chance as a result of misdiagnosis and poor control over persons to be treated.

[Differentiation of Mycobacteria]. / K differentsiatsii mikobakterii.

The lipase, phosphatase, and aryl sulfatase activities of 387 mycobacterial cultures of various species of 4 groups according to Ragnion were studied with the aim of differentiation of these bacteria. Phosphatase activity was shown by M. fortuitum, M. phlei, M. marinum, M. bovis, M. tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and Group III nonphotochromogenic Mycobacteria (according to Ragnion); M. smegmatis and M. thamnopheos negatively reacted to phosphatase; and the cultures of Group II Mycobacteria showed heterogeneous phosphatase activity. M. phlei, M. smegmatis, M. fortuitum, M. scrofulaceum and M. gordonae showed marked lipase activities; M. bovis, M. marinum, M. thamnopheo, M. avium, M. intracellulare, nonphotochromogenous Mycobacteria of Group III, M. terrae and M. gastri were negative. In the rest mycobacterial cultures the lipase activity varied. Only M. fortuitum and some cultures of M. scrofulaceum, M. marinum, M. avium, M. intracellulare and Group II Mycobacteria showed aryl sulfatase activity.

[Serological studies of synanthropic birds for infection by M. avium]. / O serologicheskikh obsledovannykh sinantropnykh ptits na infitsirovanie M. avium.

Examination for M. avium contamination covered 702 specimens of the synanthropic birds of 6 species (hooded crows, daws, rooks, magpies, sparrows, starlings) which was carried out in 13 landscape-epizootic areas of the northern zone of the Low Volga region. Contamination was studied by a serological test (AIT) using the M. avium extract and dry avian tuberculin as an antigen in the parallel tests. It was found that 96 (23%) of the 416 specimens from the right bank of the Volga and 65 (22.72%) of the 286 birds from the left bank were AIT-seropositive. The paper presents methods of study and contamination parameters of birds; the character of distribution of the infected birds by the region of the examination zone is discussed.

[Ecologic significance of M. avium infectiousness of waterside and aquatic birds]. / Ekologicheskoe znachenie infitsirovannosti M. avium okolovodnykh u vodoplavaiushchikh ptits.

A total of 777 specimens of the river-side and water birds of 36 species belonging to 8 orders were examined for infectivity by the causative agent of tuberculosis M. avium. Examination was carried out in the northern zone of the land along the lower Volga. Infectivity was studied by serologic and bacteriologic tests. Serologic examination showed that 104 out of the 399 birds were AIT-positive (26.0 +/- 2.195%), in bacteriologic examination 73 out of the 378 specimens were infected (19.57 +/- 2.040%). The infectivity parameters of birds determined by both methods had certain characteristic features typical of the examination territory. The character of distribution of the infected birds was determined according to the regions of the examination zone.

The role of wild birds and their ectoparasites (ticks) in the circulation and distribution of M. avium and possible formation of natural foci of avian tuberculosis.

The leading role of wild birds in the spread and circulation of the causative agent of avian tuberculosis is emphasized and the basic theoretical prerequisites of developing the hypothesis of the formation of its natural foci are discussed. The significance of the individual factors for the formation of the theory of natural foci of tuberculosis caused by M. avium is displayed. The opinion is expressed that avian tuberculosis should be classified among facultatively transmissible natural-focal infections in the epizootic process of which both transmissive (ticks) and non-transmissive (water; various infected substrates, soil, etc.) factors take part.

Tuberculosis in wildlife (review).

The cases of tuberculosis in wild animals of different systematic groups recorded and published in the world literature since the time of discovery of the agent of tuberculosis have been presented. The epizootiology, routes of dissemination of the infection, clinical manifestations and some other characteristics accounting for the present status of tuberculosis in wild animals have been described.