IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLISH-UKRAINIAN PROJECT "SELF-DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER IN YOUNG UKRAINIAN WOMEN" WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE RITA PROGRAM - CHANGES IN THE REGION AT THE KHARKIV STATE ACADEMY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To prove the effectiveness and necessity of implementation of the Polish-Ukrainian project"Self-diagnosis of breast cancer in young Ukrainian women within the framework of the RITA program-changes in the region(on the example of the Kharkiv State Academy of PhysicalCulture). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 200 people took part in the study: 100 students and 100 lecturers and employees of the Kharkov State Academy of Physical Culture, attended lectures on epidemiology and prevention, risk factors and clinical features of breast cancer; took part in practical exercises on visual methods of breast cancer screening and the formation of self-examination skills. Each participant in the project was tested at the beginning and at the end of training, the tests included 20 questions about risk factors and clinical signs of breast cancer and an algorithm for its self-examination. Each question to which the correct answer was given was scored 1 point (the maximum number of points for one test was 20 points). RESULTS: Results: During the testing, it was found that the awareness of applicants and employees of the Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture regarding risk factors and clinical features of breast cancer, as well as the self-examination procedure, increased by 68% and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The study confirms that the transfer of Polish experience to the project "Self-diagnosis of breast cancer in young Ukrainian women" contributes to the formation of a culture of disease prevention through self-observation and self-examination of young Ukrainian women, which can save human lives, since raising public awareness and gaining practical knowledge will certainly change the fate of many people.

Clinical Reality and Treatment for Local Recurrence of Rectal Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background and Objectives: Despite advances in treatment, local recurrence remains a great concern in patients with rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of local recurrence of rectal cancer in our single center over a 7-year-period. Materials and Methods: Patients with stage I-III rectal cancer were treated with curative intent. The necessity for radiotherapy and chemotherapy was determined before surgery and/or postoperative histopathological results. Results: Of 365 rectal cancer patients, 76 (20.8%) developed recurrent disease. In total, 27 (7.4%) patients presented with a local tumor recurrence (isolated in 40.7% of cases). Radiotherapy was performed in 296 (81.1%) patients. The most often used schema was 5 × 5 Gy followed by immediate surgery (n = 214, 58.6%). Local recurrence occurred less frequently in patients treated with 5 × 5 Gy radiotherapy followed by surgery (n = 9, 4%). Surgical procedures of relapses were performed in 12 patients, six of whom were operated with radical intent. Only two (7.4%) patients lived more than 5 years after local recurrence treatment. The incidence of local recurrence was associated with primary tumor distal location and worse prognosis. The median overall survival of patients after local recurrence treatment was 19 months. Conclusions: Individualized rectal cancer patient selection and systematic treatment algorithms should be used clinical practice to minimize likelihood of relapse. 5 × 5 Gy radiotherapy followed by immediate surgery allows good local control in resectable cT2N+/cT3N0 patients. Radical resection of isolated local recurrence offers the best chances of cure.

[Problems in diagnosing breast cancer in women younger than 25 years old]. / Trudnosci diagnostyczne w rozpoznawaniu raka piersi u kobiet ponizej 25 roku zycia.

OBJECTIVES: There are several challenges in the diagnosis of breast cancer in young women. Special consideration must be given to the woman's fertility and body image issues, but the difficulty in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions in this group of patients still exists. The aim of our study was to show five cases of breast cancer in young women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on 5 cases of breast cancer in women younger than 25, several methods used in diagnosis in this group of patients were discussed. The role of USG and BAC was analyzed. Moreover, a significant role of RM and PET was emphasized. RESULTS: Diagnosing and treatment of young patients with breast cancer should be performed in specialized oncological centers experienced in dealing with breast cancer in very young women. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Because of the possibility of breast cancer in women under 25 years old, each case of breast tumor should be precisely diagnosed, especially by ultrasonography and biopsy (BAC) 2. Each case suspected of breast cancer in young women should be diagnosed in highly equipped and specialized medical center.

[Breast conserving treatment in patients with early detection of breast cancer]. / Leczenie oszczedzajace chorych z wczesnymi postaciami raka piersi z uwzglednieniem zmian wykrytych w badaniach profilaktycznych.

OBJECTIVES: Kujawsko-pomorskie province is a region with high morbidity and death-rate from breast cancer. One method of detected less advanced forms of breast cancer and increased number of patients with BCT having prophylactic medical examination. DESIGN: The aim of the study was the treatment evaluation of patients with noninvasive and invasive cancer treated with BCT, screening-detected and non-screening detected. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prophylactic mammography for breast cancer was taken in three medical centers. First one so called "mobile" was localized in the health service center, second one in the bus with the mammography reaching distant areas and third one was performing examinations locally. There were 63401 people examined for breast cancer (age 35 -79), detected 288 breast cancers (0.54% of examined population). 260 of them were operated on. 1149 breast cancers were detected in non-screening group. The number of detected noninvasive cancers, their sizes and methods of treatment were analysed. RESULTS: Twelve of 260 (4,62%) cancers detected in screening patients were carcinoma noninvasive and 34 invasive cancers treated with BCT. In non-screening patients 20 carcinoma noninvasive and 104 invasive cancers were found and treated with BCT The number of patients with noninvasive and invasive cancers treated with BCT in prophylactic group is statistically higher. Sizes and clinical stages of malignant tumours detected in both groups were not different CONCLUSIONS: 1. Prophylactic breast cancer examinations increase the number of noninvasive cancers. 2. Breast cancer prophylactic examinations increase the number of patients treated with BCT.

[Evaluation of breast conserving therapy (BCT) standards for invasive and preinvasive breast cancer adapted in RCO in Bydgoszcz]. / Ocena standardów postepowania wdrozonych w Regionalnym Centrum Onkologii w Bydgoszczy dla oszczedzajacego leczenia inwazyjnego raka piersi oraz dla przedinwazyjnych raków piersi.

INTRODUCTION: Prophylactic campaign against breast cancer wide spread by Regional Center of Oncology made significant influx of patients coming to our place and presenting less advanced stages of the mentioned disease. AIM: The aim of this work was estimate of BCT treatment standard for invasivum cancer and preinvasivunm breast cancer treatment standard which was adapted in RCO. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Patients presenting unifocal invasive cancer smaller than 2 cm, stage No, where the minimal margin of more than 1 cm was possible to perform, were qualified to BCT. Minimal surgical border during tumorectomy was 1 cm. We were excluded patients with carcinoma lobulare and carcinoma mucinosum. During qualification to DCIS treatment standard first we must exclusion multifocalis cases based on Anderson classification and Falun consens. In the other cases we based on Van Nuys Prognostic Index (VNPI) considering the patient's age. We have 3 forms of treatment: simplex mastectomy, tumorectomy and tumorectomy with RTG-therapy. To BCT standard were qualified 52 patients. Schematically was attended 45 peoples. We had 5 patients which was attended based on preinvasivum breast cancer treatment standard. RESULTS: The size of breast cancer tumor at the patients which was attended based on BCT standard was 0,5-2 cm. 3 patients was disqualified from BCT because we found second breast cancer focus in histopathological material. We must widen surgical border post tumorectomy in 5 cases. Among 5 patients with preinvasivum cancer was 3 simplex mastectomy and 2 cases tumorectomy with RTG-therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In our opinion BCT treatment standard and breast preinvasivum cancer treatment standard should be using only in high specialty oncological center. It is a guaranty of right qualification and treatment for breast cancer patients.