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Stroke ; 44(7): 1891-6, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23743976

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracranial hemorrhage rates are higher in Asians than non-Asians, especially in patients receiving warfarin. This randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulation therapy subgroup analysis assessed dabigatran etexilate (DE) and warfarin effects on stroke and bleeding rates in patients from Asian and non-Asian countries. METHODS: There were 2782 patients (15%) from 10 Asian countries and 15 331 patients from 34 non-Asian countries. A Cox regression model, with terms for treatment, region, and their interaction was used. RESULTS: Rates of stroke or systemic embolism in Asians were 3.06% per year on warfarin, 2.50% per year on DE 110 mg BID (DE 110), and 1.39% per year on DE 150 mg BID (DE 150); in non-Asians, the rates were 1.48%, 1.37%, and 1.06% per year with no significant treatment-by-region interactions. Hemorrhagic stroke on warfarin occurred more often in Asians than non-Asians (hazard ratio [HR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-4.7; P=0.007), with significant reductions for DE compared with warfarin in both Asian (DE 110 versus warfarin HR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.03-0.66 and DE 150 versus warfarin HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.77) and non-Asian (DE 110 versus warfarin HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.19-0.72 and DE 150 versus warfarin HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13-0.58) patients. Major bleeding rates in Asians were significantly lower on DE (both doses) than warfarin (warfarin 3.82% per year, DE 110 2.22% per year, and DE 150 2.17% per year). CONCLUSIONS: Hemorrhagic stroke rates were higher on warfarin in Asians versus non-Asians, despite similar blood pressure, younger age, and lower international normalized ratio values. Hemorrhagic strokes were significantly reduced by DE in both Asians and non-Asians. DE benefits were consistent across Asian and non-Asian subgroups. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00262600.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Benzimidazoles/adverse effects , Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology , Pyridines/adverse effects , Stroke/etiology , Warfarin/adverse effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Antithrombins/administration & dosage , Antithrombins/adverse effects , Asia/epidemiology , Asia/ethnology , Asian People/ethnology , Benzimidazoles/administration & dosage , Brain Ischemia/epidemiology , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Dabigatran , Female , Humans , Intracranial Hemorrhages/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Pyridines/administration & dosage , Stroke/epidemiology , Warfarin/administration & dosage
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