[Female tuberculosis morbidity and mortality in the Sverdlovsk Region].

In 2000 to 2006, the female proportion increased in the structure of tuberculosis morbidity from 21.4 to 30.1% and in that tuberculosis mortality from 13.1 to 21.4% in the Sverdlovsk Region. Female tuberculosis morbidity increased mainly at the age of 25-34 years (by 50.9%) and 35-44 years (by 66.0%) and tuberculosis mortality by 2.7 times and 42.1%, respectively. The increase was due to the proportion of socially poor unemployed women. Pregnancy and lactation worsened the course of tuberculosis resulting in death in 1.3% of young women. Of the greatest importance was a patient's poor social status: only 6% of the women with tuberculosis leading to death were employed; 2.8% were dying. A portion of those who died from tuberculosis were drug addicts (5.4%) and HIV infected (12.3%).

[Mortality due to recurrent tuberculosis in the Sverdlovsk Region].

In 2004 to 2005, recurrent tuberculosis in the structure of tuberculosis mortality averaged 21.6% in the Sverdlovsk Region. Predominantly males (84.0%) aged 45 years or more (62.0%) living in small towns and rural areas (56.9%), mainly the unemployed (97.7%), and ex-prisoners (30.3%) die from recurrent tuberculosis. The bulk of the patients (64.7%) survived less than 1 year after notification of recurrent tuberculosis or a recurrence was revealed only after death. Those who died from recurrent tuberculosis had not asked for a medical aid before its detection (23.1%) or had asked three months or more after the occurrence of significant clinical signs of the disease (34.0%). Refusals to be admitted (16.2%) and treated in the outpatient setting (28.7%) and multiple hospital discharges due to incompliance (20.7%) should be regarded as the main causes of progressive tuberculosis among the contingents of a tuberculosis-controlling service contingents dying from recurrent tuberculosis.

[Recurrent tuberculosis in the Sverdlovsk Region].

In 2000 to 2005, there was a 1.8-fold increase in the rate of early recurrences and a 1.6-fold decrease in late recurrences in the Sverdlovsk Region. In the prisoners, early recurrences were 21 times more frequently observed than in the general population, which make up a significant majority of all the recurrences of tuberculosis. In conclusion, during preventive examinations, recurrences are mainly detected with earlier forms of tuberculosis as compared with the recurrences recorded in the municipal entities of the region. In adult males, the rates of primary morbidity were 3.2 times higher in adult males than in females; those of early and late recurrences were 8.1 and 5 times higher, respectively. In adults aged 18-44 years, the rates of primary morbidity and early recurrences of tuberculosis were 1.7 times higher than those in the persons aged 45 years or more; those of late recurrences were 1.6 times less.