ABSTRACT
Molecular-genetic polymorphism of 86 world and Ukrainian breeding maize lines with S-, C- and T-types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and with normal wild type mitochondrion has been researched via mitochondrion regions PCR-analysis. Molecular marker system allowed to detect and identify definite type of CMS within maize lines, as well as to differentiate lines with definite CMS type either from lines with another CMS type or from normal wild type cytoplasm lines.
Subject(s)
Cytoplasm/metabolism , Mitochondria/metabolism , Plant Infertility/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Zea mays/genetics , Base Sequence , Cytoplasm/ultrastructure , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , DNA, Plant/genetics , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Selection, Genetic , Zea mays/ultrastructureABSTRACT
Genetic variety estimation of hop gene pool using DNA-typing of highly polymorphic microsatellite loci and optimization of introduction to the culture of in vitro conditions is the important stage of national varieties resources forming, basis of modern nursery and protect mean of varieties property, and also it is necessary for development of molecular methods of selection of planting-stocks free from pathogens.
Subject(s)
Biotechnology/methods , Genetic Variation , Humulus/growth & development , Humulus/genetics , DNA Fingerprinting , DNA Primers , DNA, Plant/genetics , DNA, Satellite/genetics , Humulus/microbiology , Microsatellite Repeats , Phylogeny , Plant Diseases/microbiology , UkraineABSTRACT
PCR-analysis of intraspecific and interspecific polymorphism of sorghum, soryz and their nearest relatives (maize, rice) has been conducted. The level of polymorphism within the sample was 100%. Interspecific polymorphism (species of sorghum and soryz) was 96.2% that testifies the wide changeability of the analyzed samples. Clasterisation of the genotypes occurred according to their species.
Subject(s)
Polymorphism, Genetic , Sorghum/genetics , DNA, Plant/genetics , Genotype , Minisatellite Repeats/genetics , Phylogeny , Sorghum/classification , Sorghum/growth & development , Species Specificity , UkraineABSTRACT
Genotyping of F2-population from crossing of maize lines Odesskaya 139 and R221 contrasting on Fusarium rot resistance has been carried out. Codominant DNA-marker RGA11 to the locus determining Fusarium resistance was found out at the distance of 18.3 cM.
Subject(s)
Fusarium/pathogenicity , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Quantitative Trait Loci , Zea mays/genetics , Genotype , Plant Diseases/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Zea mays/growth & development , Zea mays/microbiologyABSTRACT
The review represents the literature data and the data of personal research demonstrating the modern achievements in molecular-genetic analysis of maize (Zea mays L.). The importance of the use of DNA-technologies in genetics, breeding and seed-production of maize is shown. The examples of application of molecular-genetic markers in breeding process to increase its efficacy are demonstrated.
Subject(s)
DNA, Plant/genetics , Genetic Markers , Selection, Genetic , Zea mays/growth & development , Zea mays/geneticsABSTRACT
Microsatellite loci PCR-analysis of 80 maize lines and hybrids from two regions of Ukraine has been carried out. Allelic sets individual for each maize genotype have been revealed and discrimination potential of applied marker system has been determined. Comparative analysis of frequencies of alleles and genotypes occurrence in both samples has been carried out and possible participation of the investigated SSR-loci in formation of maize adaptability system has been shown.
Subject(s)
DNA, Plant/genetics , Microsatellite Repeats , Polymorphism, Genetic , Zea mays/genetics , Alleles , Gene Frequency , Genetic Markers , GenotypeABSTRACT
PCR-analysis of maize inbred lines has been carried out. Genetic distances between the lines have been calculated, allelic composition and heterosis level of F-hybrids have been determined. Heterosis level of hybrid seed yield rised according to increasing of genetic distances between initial lines. Correlation of allelic composition of inbred line microsatellite loci and heterosis level of the respective hybrids has been revealed.
Subject(s)
DNA, Plant/analysis , Hybrid Vigor/genetics , Selection, Genetic , Zea mays/genetics , Genetic Markers/genetics , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
In plant genetics and breeding, second-generation molecular markers allow detailed characterization of plant genotypes. Unique genotypes at ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were established for 40 maize accessions by means of PCR. For every locus, SSR analysis revealed heterozygotes among simple hybrids, which made it possible to identify the parental forms with a high probability of exclusion of nonparental forms. A system was proposed for registration of maize genotypes in the form of genetic formulas reflecting the allelic state of microsatellite loci, in order to catalog, preserve, and effectively employ the existing maize gene pool in breeding.
Subject(s)
Genetic Markers , Genotype , Zea mays/genetics , Base Sequence , DNA Primers , DNA, Plant/geneticsABSTRACT
The results of SSRP-analysis of molecular-genetic polymorphism in maize inbred lines and simple hybrids are presented. Character of inheritance of amplicons obtained by SSR-PCR-method was investigated. Test-system for determination of hybridity of simple maize hybrids was proposed, which showed high probability of exclusion of unrelative male forms.
