ABSTRACT
HMGB proteins are involved in structural rearrangements caused by regulatory chromatin remodeling factors. Particular interest is attracted to a DNA chaperone mechanism, suggesting that the HMGB proteins introduce bends into the double helix, thus rendering DNA accessible to effector proteins and facilitating their activity. The review discusses the role that the HMBG proteins play in key intranuclear processes, including assembly of the preinitiation complex during transcription of ribosomal genes; transcription by RNA polymerases I, II, and III; recruitment of the SWI/SNF complex during transcription of nonribosomal genes; DNA repair; etc. The functions of the HMGB proteins are considered in detail with the examples of yeast HMO1 and NHP6. The two proteins possess unique features in adition to properties characteristic of the HMGB proteins. Thus, NHP6 stimulates a large-scale ATP-independent unwrapping of nucleosomal DNA by the FACT complex, while in its absence FACT stabilizes the nucleosome. HMO1 acts as an alternative linker histone. Both HMO1 and NHP6 are of applied interest primarly because they are homologs of human HMGB1, an important therapeutic target of anticancer and anti-inflammatory treatments.
Subject(s)
Chromatin/chemistry , HMGB Proteins/chemistry , HMGN Proteins/chemistry , High Mobility Group Proteins/chemistry , Molecular Chaperones/chemistry , Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry , DNA/chemistry , Histones/chemistry , Humans , Nucleosomes/chemistry , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistryABSTRACT
Energy expenditure, physical and mental capacity for work, ascorbic acid excretion, basic foodstuff supply were investigated in 7-9-year-old pupils from boarding schools. Specific features of the alimentary state of the children were used as a basis for working out hygienic recommendations to improve children's diets and health.
Subject(s)
Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Nutritional Status , Child , Diet , Energy Intake , Energy Metabolism , Humans , Russia , Seasons , Vitamins/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The characteristics of Syktyvkar schoolchildren' diets were studied. The specific features of their alimentary status were used to improve children nutrition.
