[Epileptic syndromes associated with focal clonic seizures]. / Epilepticheskie sindromy, assotsiirovannye s fokal'nymi klonicheskimi pristupami.

OBJECTIVE: To study clinical, electroencephalographic and neuroimaging features in children with epileptic syndromes associated with focal clonic seizures (FCS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 1258 patients with various forms of epilepsy with the onset of seizures from the first day of life to 18 years. RESULTS: FCS was identified in 263 patients (20.9%). FCS were included in the structure of 13 different epileptic syndromes: Rolandic epilepsy (28.1%), structural focal epilepsy (27.5%), structural focal epilepsy associated with benign epileptiform discharges of childhood (SFE-BEDC) (20.6%), focal epilepsy of unknown etiology (7.5%), epilepsia partialis continua (4.6%), pseudo-Lennox syndrome (3.4%), ESES syndrome (2.7%), Landau-Kleffner syndrome (1.5%), Dravet syndrome (1.1%), benign occipital epilepsy (1.1%), benign focal epilepsy in infancy (0.8%), MISF syndrome (0.8%), cognitive epileptiform disintegration (0.8%). In 50% of cases, epilepsy associated with FCS debuts before the age of 5 years (from 1 month to 18 years, average age 4.26±3.9). CONCLUSION: The groups of syndromes associated with FCS have different prognosis for remission of seizures. Prognostic predictors of seizure remission are: epileptic syndromes associated with BEDC, the presence of periventricular leukomalacia. A severe prognosis for the course of epilepsy is associated with local structural changes in the neocortex. Despite a favorable prognosis for seizures, continued diffuse interictal epileptiform activity with BEDC on the electroencephalogram is a predictor of the onset of cognitive impairment in children.

[The effectiveness of antiepileptic therapy in patients with epileptic syndromes associated with myoclonic seizures]. / Effektivnost' protivoepilepticheskoi terapii u patsientov s epilepticheskimi sindromami, assotsiirovannymi s mioklonicheskimi pristupami.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of antiepileptic therapy of epileptic syndromes associated with myoclonic seizures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and three patients with epilepsy, in whom myoclonic seizures were identified during the observation, were examined. The observed myoclonic seizures entered the structure of 11 different epileptic syndromes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Drug remission is achieved in 67% of patients, a decrease in the frequency of seizures by 50% or more was noted in 23,3%, the lack of effect in 9,7%. The effectiveness of antiepileptic therapy was significantly different in different groups of epileptic syndromes. The high effectiveness of antiepileptic therapy in the general group of patients in this study is mainly due to the prevalence of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, in which the highest percentage of remission was observed.