[Nature of the stimulating action of parenterally administered casein hydrolysate on gastric secretory function]. / O prirode stimuliruiushchego deistviia parenteral'nogo vvodimogo gidrolizata kazeina na sekretornuiu funktsiiu zheludka.

Experiments on 4 gastric fistula dogs kept on full-value diet were made in an effort to specify the character of the stimulatory action of parenteral caseine hydrolysate (TSOLIPK) on the gastric fundal glands. In the course of administering the solutions similar to individual components of casein hydrolysate into the blood it was established that the secretory effect of the protein hydrolysate is not a consequence of the presence of ammonia contained by the hydrolysate or depends on the humic substances. It is assumed that the stimulatory action of parenteral casein hydrolysate on the gastric fundal glands is determined by the main protein break down products, i.e. by amino acids and peptides that are capable of acting on the nerve structures and of stimulating gastric secretion via excitation of the centres responsible for gastric function control.

[Gastric secretory function and the energy component of the mixtures used in parenteral feeding]. / Sekretornaia funktsiia zheludka i énergeticheskii komponent ispol'zuemykh v parenteral'nom pitanii smesei.

Experiments on dogs with a gastric fustula and Pavlov's (miniature) isolated pouch, kept on a high-standard mixed ration evidenced that intravenous administration of various substances acts on the fundal gastric glands differently. Some of such substances stimulate the secretion of an acid gastric juice (xylitol and ethyl alcohol), while others are inert in this respect (sorbitol, 1.2-propandiol, 1.3-butandiol, fatty intralipid emulsion). Five percent solutions of glucose and fructose do not provoke any significant secretion of juice, although also lead to a short-lived pH fall in the gastric secretion. At the same time the action of the said substances is markedly less intensive than the caseine hydrolysate (TSOLIPK) has an effect on the gastric juice. In the practice of parenteral nutrition with the preparation of nutrative mixtures the ability to provoke the gastric secretion by the ethyl alcohol and xylitol an account should be taken of.

[Pancreatic exocrine secretion to the introduction into the blood of amino acid mixtures of varying composition]. / Vneshniaia sekretsiia podzheludochnoi zhelezy pri vvedenii v krov' smesei aminokislot raznogo sostava.

Tests conducted on dogs with a fistula of the pancreatic duct evidenced that various amino acids mixtures containing all the essential amino acids and differing mainly in the replaceable nitrogen dissimilarly act on the external secretion of the pancreas after their introduction into the blood. The most intensive secretion produces a mixture in which the replaceable nitrogen is represented by glycine alone. The mixture, one of its constituent is one of the dicarboxylic acids (glutamic) very poorly stimulates this function. At the same time, the action of all the studied amino acids mixtures is less pronounced than is the effect of the caseine hydrolysate. The commercial agent aminofusin L-600, containing all the essential amino acids with addition of polyols (xylitol and sorbitol) with no dicarboxylic amino acids in its composition, produces an intensive pancreatic secretion close to that caused by the caseine hydrolysate.

[Use of the urea increment as an index of the effectiveness of parenteral feeding]. / Ispol'zovanie inkrementa mocheviny v kachestve pokazatelia éffektivnosti parenteral'nogo pitaniia

The influence exerted by the composition of intravenously introduced mixture of amino acids on so-called urea increment, i.e. the difference between the urea concentration in the blood on an empty stomach an on termination of its introduction, was studied in tests on adult mongrel male-dogs. On the other hand, upon introduction of an amino acids mixture imitating the Swedish preparation Vamin, which includes all essential and non-essential amino acids (except for glutamine and asparagine) in proportion as found in the egg white the urea increment values turned out to be inferior than on administration of a mixture containing from among essential amino acids only arginine and histidine, and from among non-essential ones-glycine and glutamic acid. The urea increment was also lower following combined introduction of an amino acids mixture together with an energy-producing (calorific) material, than when the latter was fed on prior to introduction of the mixture. The totality of findings suggests that as to its sensitivity to the composition of the parenterally introduced nutritional mixture and, possibly, dietary regimen-the urea increment is in no way inferior to the cumbersome, and difficulty realizable under clinical conditions method of nitrogen balance as a criterion for the efficacy of parenteral nutrition and deserves a detailed study as regards its clinical application.