Subject(s)
Graft vs Host Reaction , HLA Antigens/analysis , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/diagnosis , Transfusion Reaction , Female , Humans , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/etiology , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Maternal-Fetal Exchange/immunology , PregnancyABSTRACT
In 15 infants with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), immunological reconstitution was attempted by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA-haplo-identical parents. To prevent graft versus host disease (GvHD), marrow grafts were depleted of contaminating T-lymphocytes using lectin agglutination and rosette formation with sheep red blood cells. Thirteen patients received transplants without undergoing prior cytoreductive conditioning. Eleven of these developed donor-dependent T-cell functions, two failed to do this. One of these two as well as two further patients received cytoreductive treatment prior to repeat and to first transplants and in two, complete lymphohemopoietic reconstitution was observed. Of the 15 patients who received transplants, 11 are currently alive. Two recently treated patients remain in the hospital, nine are at home with stable T-cell functions. Normal humoral immune functions have developed upto now in three patients. In the others, gamma globulins are regularly substituted. Complications of acute or chronic GvHD were not observed with the exception of one case who developed transient GvHD of the skin. These results suggest that in a majority of patients with SCID, T-cell functions can develop without GvHD following haploidentical, T-cell-depleted BMT. Exceptional patients require preconditioning to allow donor cell engraftment, an approach that also appears to facilitate reconstitution of humoral immune functions.
Subject(s)
Bone Marrow Transplantation , HLA Antigens/genetics , Histocompatibility , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/therapy , Female , Graft vs Host Disease/prevention & control , Haploidy , Hematopoiesis , Histocompatibility Testing , Humans , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/physiopathology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , T-Lymphocytes/physiologySubject(s)
Immunization, Passive , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Hypergammaglobulinemia/therapy , Infant , Injections, Intravenous , Male , SyndromeABSTRACT
Thirteen patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (S.S.P.E.) at different stages of the disease were admitted for transfer factor treatment. The transfer factor was prepared from non-selected blood bank donors. The activity of the transfer factor was tested in patients with diseases other than S.S.P.E. and was found to be either clinically or immunologically active. Regardless of the number of transfer factor units applied a significant influence on the course of the disease was not apparant. The observed intermittant improvement of 3 patients was considered as spontaneous remission which is known to occur occasionally in S.S.P.E. The humoral and cellular immune response before and after transfer factor therapy did not reveal significant changes which could be correlated with transfer factor therapy.
Subject(s)
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis/therapy , Transfer Factor/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Immunity, Cellular , Immunoglobulin A/cerebrospinal fluid , Immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid , Immunoglobulin M/cerebrospinal fluid , Male , Measles/complications , Measles virus/immunology , Skin Tests , Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis/immunologyABSTRACT
Patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) are presumed to lack specific cellular immunity against measles virus. In order to test this hypothesis in vitro, the interaction between peripheral lymphocytes and measles virus-infected tissue culture cells was investigated in 10 SSPE patients. Human fibroblasts, either uninfected or carrying a persistent measles virus infection, were labeled with 51Cr and incubated with lymphocytes for 18 to 20 hr in the absence of antibody and complement. Peripheral lymphocytes from measles sero-positive and sero-negative individuals were tested, and the system was found to be virus specific. The lymphocytes from the 10 SSPE patients caused specific cytotoxicity of target cells. A correlation was not found between antibody titer and specific 51Cr release. It could also be domonstrated that target cell destruction was not mediated by monocytes or B lymphocytes. These in vitro studies suggest that SSPE patients do not have a specific defect of cellular immunity against measles virus.
