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1.
Viruses ; 14(1)2022 01 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35062310

ABSTRACT

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide, affecting over 250 million people and resulting in over five million deaths. Antivirals that are effective are still limited. The antiviral activities of the Petasites hybdridus CO2 extract Ze 339 were previously reported. Thus, to assess the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Ze 339 as well as isopetasin and neopetasin as major active compounds, a CPE and plaque reduction assay in Vero E6 cells was used for viral output. Antiviral effects were tested using the original virus (Wuhan) and the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. The antiviral drug remdesivir was used as control. Pre-treatment with Ze 339 in SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells with either virus variant significantly inhibited virus replication with IC50 values of 0.10 and 0.40 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values obtained for isopetasin ranged between 0.37 and 0.88 µM for both virus variants, and that of remdesivir ranged between 1.53 and 2.37 µM. In conclusion, Ze 339 as well as the petasins potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro of the Wuhan and Delta variants. Since time is of essence in finding effective treatments, clinical studies will have to demonstrate if Ze339 can become a therapeutic option to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , SARS-CoV-2/drug effects , Virus Replication/drug effects , Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives , Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology , Alanine/analogs & derivatives , Alanine/pharmacology , Animals , Antiviral Agents/chemistry , Carbon Dioxide/chemistry , Cell Survival/drug effects , Chlorocebus aethiops , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Genetic Variation , Petasites/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Vero Cells
2.
J Med Food ; 22(6): 551-559, 2019 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31017505

ABSTRACT

Majority of men are affected by symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from a certain age. Botanical extracts are frequently used in the early management of the symptoms. In a single-arm, mono-center pilot study, the effects of a proprietary oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract on the symptoms of BPH were investigated. A total of 60 men (62.3 years [95% confidence interval (CI): 60.3-64.3 years]) with a total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 14.8 (95% CI: 13.5-16.1) participated between January 2017 and October 2017 in the study by ingesting the oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract once daily before going to bed during 3 months. Change in IPSS within treatment period was assessed. Frequency of nocturia was recorded by bladder diary, and postvoid residual urine volume was determined through ultrasound. Between baseline and after 12 weeks of supplementation, a significant symptom reduction of an average 30.1% (95% CI: 23.1-37.1) was seen for the total IPSS. Symptom alleviation had a high impact on quality of life (P < .0001) and was significant after 8 and 12 weeks of intervention (P < .001). Nocturia significantly decreased over time (P < .0001), as confirmed by IPSS questionnaire and bladder diary. Postvoid residual urine volume was significantly reduced at the end of intervention (baseline: 83.67 mL [95% CI: 58.02-109.3]; after 12 weeks: 63.11 mL [95% CI: 45.37-80.85]; P = .0394). These results indicate that the oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract seems to be a very well tolerable, appropriate plant extract to support health benefits in a collective suffering from BPH related symptoms without the need of medical treatment.


Subject(s)
Cucurbita/chemistry , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pilot Projects , Prostate/drug effects , Prostate/pathology , Prostatic Hyperplasia/pathology , Prostatic Hyperplasia/physiopathology , Quality of Life , Seeds/chemistry , Urination/drug effects
4.
J Med Food ; 21(3): 261-268, 2018 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29215298

ABSTRACT

Echinacea purpurea has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and the common cold. The restraint stress has been reported to suppress a broad spectrum of immune functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the pressed juice of E. purpurea (L.) Moench (EFLA®894; Echinacea) against restraint stress-induced immunosuppression in BALB/c mice. Echinacea significantly normalized the restraint stress-induced reduction in splenocyte proliferation and splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity (P < .05). Echinacea treatment significantly increased the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the blood (P < .05). In addition, Echinacea restored serum cytokine levels, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-17 (IL-17), as well as the mRNA expressions of these cytokines in spleen (P < .05). Our findings suggest that Echinacea might have beneficial effects on restraint stress-induced immunosuppression by increasing splenocyte proliferation and NK cell activity, while modulating T lymphocyte subsets and cytokine levels in the blood.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Dietary Supplements , Echinacea/chemistry , Plant Components, Aerial/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Stress, Physiological/immunology , Stress, Psychological/immunology , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage , Biomarkers/blood , Biomarkers/metabolism , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors , Cytokines/blood , Cytokines/genetics , Cytokines/metabolism , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Immunosuppression Therapy/psychology , Killer Cells, Natural/immunology , Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism , Killer Cells, Natural/pathology , Lymphocyte Count , Male , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Random Allocation , Restraint, Physical/adverse effects , Restraint, Physical/psychology , Spleen/immunology , Spleen/metabolism , Spleen/pathology , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Stress, Psychological/metabolism , Stress, Psychological/pathology
5.
Arzneimittelforschung ; 52(11): 797-802, 2002.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12489249

ABSTRACT

A specially prepared olive leaf extract (EFLA 943) has been tested for its blood pressure lowering activity in rats rendered hypertensive by daily oral doses of L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, 50 mg/kg) for at least 4 weeks. Oral administration of the extract at different dose levels at the same time as L-NAME for a period of 8 weeks showed a dose dependent prophylactic effect against the rise in blood pressure induced by L-NAME, best effects being induced by a dose of 100 mg/kg of the extract. In rats previously rendered hypertensive by L-NAME for 6 weeks and then treated with that dose of the extract for a further 6 weeks without discontinuation of L-NAME, normalisation of the blood pressure was observed. The findings confirm previous reports on the hypotensive effects of olive leaf. The special extract, EFLA 943, was shown to give consistent results with little individual variability. The antihypertensive effect of the extract may be related to a variety of factors involving reversal of vascular changes involved in the L-NAME induced hypertension.


Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/chemistry , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , Enzyme Inhibitors , Hypertension/chemically induced , Hypertension/drug therapy , NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester , Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors , Olea/chemistry , Phytotherapy , Animals , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Hypertension/prevention & control , Male , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Wistar
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