ABSTRACT
Rationale: Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous infection that involves the skin and subcutaneous tissue which presents as an abscess with multiple draining sinuses. It is common in the tropical and subtropical regions where the conditions favour the growth of the soil saprophytes - fungi and bacteria. Patient Concerns: We report the rare case of a 62-year-old patient who presented with a soft-tissue overgrowth in the mandibular posterior ridge area for eight months. Diagnosis: The patient was diagnosed with eumycetoma, with foreign-body reaction based on clinical and histopathological examination which revealed characteristic brown-coloured amorphous grains. Treatment: The lesion was surgically excised under local anaesthesia. Outcomes: On the seventh day post-operative follow-up, the patient was relieved of pre-operative symptoms and the surgical site had healed well. Take-Away Lessons: This particular case of eumycetoma had an unusual site and appearance, making the clinical diagnosis confusing with other reactionary lesions of the oral cavity.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to systematically assess the papers comparing the surgical techniques of Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis(ADO) and Autogenous Bone grafting (ABG) for Vertical Ridge Augmentation in terms of bone gain, bone resorption and incidences of complications. Metholodology: The review was registered on PROSPERO with the ID : CRD42021237671. A broad electronic survey was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library databases of all studies published till 08/03/2022. Four studies fulfilled the criteria to carry out a meta-analysis a in which a total of 58 patients underwent ADO and 43 patients for ABG. A total of 133 implants were placed in the ABG group and 124 in the ADO group. Statistical Analysis: DerSimonian-Laird estimator of variance was used for Random effect meta-analysis. The estimates of an intervention were expressed as the odds ratio (OR) and standard mean difference (SMD) in millimeters. Results: There was statistically significant difference in terms of bone height gain with SMD of - 0.78 (95% 0.04-1.55) in ABG. Bone resorption and complications were statistically insignificant with SMD of 0.52 (95% - 1.59 to 0.56) and OR 0.55 (95% 0.18-1.70), respectively.PROSPERO Registration ID: CRD42021237671.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of pre-adjusted three-dimensional (3D) plating system employing 3D printing with conventional 3D plating in the management of mandibular fractures. Materials and Methods: A randomised, clinical trial was conducted where the study sample (n = 20) was divided into two groups. In Group 1, 3D plate and in Group 2, pre-bent 3D plate was fixed to the fracture site. The parameters assessed were number of bends required for adaptation, duration of fixation, pain, occlusal stability, reduction in lingual splaying and post-operative complications. Results: Statistically significant difference was seen for the number of bends required (P = 0.000, P < 0.01) and duration of fracture fixation (P = 0.001, P < 0.01). There was statistically significant difference between the values of pain during the adaptation of 3D plate (P = 0.033, P < 0.05). Discussion: The application of pre-adjusted 3D plate is superior to conventional 3D plating in terms of reducing number of bends, duration of fixation and pain during adaptation.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Management of mandibular condylar fracture has invited a great deal of controversy in maxillofacial trauma care. In the orthopaedic literature, surgeons have exhaustively described the use of a 'hematoma block' technique during closed reduction (CR) of the ankle or other long bone fractures. Post-traumatic ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is due to development and progression of the intra-articular hematoma. We improvised their technique for use during CR of mandibular condylar fractures. The desirable effects which can be achieved with our proposed 'novel TMJ hematoma nerve block' technique are evacuating the accumulated hematoma, blocking auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves which in turn causes relaxation of the lateral pterygoid muscle, all in all, favouring accurate anatomical reduction of the fracture. METHOD: Thirteen patients with isolated unilateral condylar fractures were subjected to our new technique. The parameters assessed were the amount of hematoma evacuated, pain in TMJ region during reduction and postoperative anatomic reduction on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). RESULTS: All the patients showed a significant reduction in pain and lowered post-reduction angulation between the proximal condylar and distal ramal segments. CONCLUSION: Our technique is minimally invasive, safe, simple to perform, yielding excellent anatomic reduction of the fracture fragments.
