Subject(s)
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Parvoviridae Infections/drug therapy , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Chronic Disease , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Humans , Male , Parvoviridae Infections/virologyABSTRACT
In this prospective study, we investigated the effects of socioenvironmental conditions on adjustment during early adolescence. Participants (N = 339) were assessed at the beginning of the school year and at follow-up approximately 7 months later. Both stressful events and social support made significant contributions to the prediction of psychological distress and conduct problems at follow-up, controlling for initial levels of adjustment in each of these areas. Conditions related to socioeconomic disadvantage predicted poorer academic performance and higher levels of absences and disciplinary problems at school. Youths who experienced multiple conditions of socioeconomic disadvantage were found to demonstrate heightened vulnerability to stressful events (daily hassles) as well as a greater potential to benefit from social support received from adults in the school setting.
Subject(s)
Life Change Events , Social Adjustment , Social Support , Socioeconomic Factors , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Schools , Self-Assessment , Students/psychologyABSTRACT
Three types of human smoking behavior, identified by factor analysis of questionnaire responses, were found to exhibit a stable structure in a series of different populations and environments. Type I smoking behavior is closely related to a personally perceived need for tobacco products. Types II and III are related to psychosocial-sensorimotor rewards and the intensification of pleasure, respectively. The typology is easily detectable and remarkably constant in the following populations: staff, employees, and patients of a teaching hospital in London, England; urbanites and suburbanites of mixed ages in a part of metropolitan Denver, Colorado, U.S.A.; college students in Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S.A., elderly urbanites and suburbanites in the metropolitan areas of (a) Stockholm, Sweden and (b) Göteborg, Sweden; and the adult children of the Swedish groups (a) and (b).
