Crystal structure of ethyl 4-(2-fluoro-phen-yl)-6-methyl-2-sulfanyl-idene-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxyl-ate.

The title compound, C14H15FN2O2S, crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. In each mol-ecule, the pyrimidine ring adopts a sofa conformation with the sp (3)-hybridized C atom forming the flap and the fluoro-substituted ring in an axial position. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming chains of R 2 (2)(8) rings along [100]. In one independent mol-ecule, an intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond is observed.

Crystal structure of ethyl 5-acetyl-2-{[(di-methyl-amino)-methyl-idene]amino}-4-methyl-thio-phene-3-carboxyl-ate.

In the title thio-phene derivative, C13H18N2O3S, the dihedral angles between the thio-phene ring and the [(di-methyl-amino)-methyl-idene]amino side chain (r.m.s. deviation = 0.009 Å) and the -CO2 ester group are 3.01 (16) and 59.9 (3)°, respectively. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R 2 (2)(16) loops. The dimers are linked by another weak C-H⋯O inter-action, forming chains along [001]. In addition, weak C-H⋯π inter-actions are observed, which link the chains into (001) layers.

Crystal structure of 2-acetyl-5-(3,4-di-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-6-eth-oxy-carbonyl-3,7-dimethyl-5H-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium chloride.

The title mol-ecular salt, C21H25N2O5S(+)·Cl(-), crystallizes with two ion pairs in the asymmetric unit. The cations have similar conformations (r.m.s. overlay fit = 0.40 Å), with one of them showing disorder of the terminal methyl group of the ester in a 0.72 (2):0.28 (2) ratio. In the first cation, the 3,4-dimeth-oxy-substituted phenyl ring subtends a dihedral angle of 88.38 (7)° with the pyrimidine ring and 6.79 (8)° with the thia-zole ring. The equivalent data for the second cation are 89.97 (3) and 6.42 (7)°, respectively. The pyrimidine ring adopts a sofa conformation in each cation. In the crystal, the components are linked by N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, generating isolated ion pairs. The ion pairs are are linked by C-H⋯O inter-actions, generating a three-dimensional network. In addition, a weak C-H⋯π inter-action is observed.

Crystal structure of methyl 4-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-6-methyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-pyrimidine-5-carb-oxy-late.

In the title compound, C13H13FN2O2S, the pyrimidine ring adopts a twist-boat conformation with the MeCN and methine-C atoms displaced by 0.0938 (6) and 0.2739 (3) Å, respectively, from the mean plane through the other four atoms of the ring. The 2-fluoro-benzene ring is positioned axially and forms a dihedral angle of 89.13 (4)° with the mean plane through the pyrimidine ring. The crystal structure features N-H⋯O, N-H⋯S and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds that link mol-ecules into supra-molecular chains along the b axis. These chains are linked into a layer parallel to (10-1) by C-H⋯π inter-actions; layers stack with no specific inter-actions between them.

Crystal structure of ethyl 2-acetyl-3,7-dimethyl-5-(thio-phen-2-yl)-5H-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C17H18N2O3S2, the pyrimidine ring adopts a shallow sofa conformation, with the C atom bearing the axially-oriented thio-phene ring as the flap [deviation = 0.439 (3) Å]. The plane of the thio-phene ring lies almost normal to the pyrimidine ring, making a dihedral angle of 79.36 (19)°. In the crystal, pairs of very weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules related by twofold rotation axes, forming R 2 (2)(18) rings, which are in turn linked by another C-H⋯O inter-action, forming chains of rings along [010]. In addition, weak C-H⋯π(thio-phene) inter-actions link the chains into layers parallel to [001] and π-π inter-actions with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.772 (10) Šconnect these layers into a three-dimensional network.

Crystal structure of 4-azido-methyl-6-isopropyl-2H-chromen-2-one.

In the title mol-ecule, C13H13N3O2, the benzo-pyran ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.017 (1) Å. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into ladders along [010]. In addition, π-π inter-actions between inversion-related mol-ecules, with centroid-centroid distances in the range 3.679 (2)-3.876 (2) Å, complete a two-dimensional network parallel to (001).

Crystal structure of ethyl 2-cyano-3-[(1-eth-oxy-ethyl-idene)amino]-5-(3-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-7-methyl-5H-1,3-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C22H24N4O4S, the central pyrimidine ring adopts a sofa conformation with the ring-junction N atom displaced by 0.2358 (6) Šfrom the mean plane of the remaining ring atoms. The 3-meth-oxy-phenyl ring, at the chiral C atom opposite the other N atom, is positioned axially and is inclined to the thia-zolo-pyrimidine ring with a dihedral angle of 83.88 (7)°. The thia-zole ring is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0034 Å). In the crystal, pairs of weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules related by twofold rotation axes to form R 2 (2)(8) rings, which in turn are linked by weak C-H⋯N inter-actions, forming ribbons along [-110]. In addition, π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.5744 (15) Å] connect the ribbons, forming slabs lying parallel to (001).

Crystal structure of 2-(4-chloro-3-fluoro-phen-yl)-1H-benzimidazole.

In the title compound, C13H8ClFN2, the dihedral angle between the plane of the benzimidazole ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.022 Å) and the benzene ring is 26.90 (8)°. The F atom at the meta position of the benzene ring is disordered over two sites in a 0.843 (4):0.157 (4) ratio. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming infinite C(4) chains propagating along [010]. In addition, weak C-H⋯π and π-π inter-actions [shortest centroid-centroid separation = 3.6838 (12) Å] are observed, which link the chains into a three-dimensional network.

Crystal structure of ethyl 6-(2-fluoro-phen-yl)-4-hy-droxy-2-sulfanyl-idene-4-tri-fluoro-meth-yl-1,3-diazinane-5-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C14H14F4N2O3S, the central di-hydro-pyrimidine ring adopts a sofa conformation with the C atom bearing the 2-fluoro-benzene ring displaced by 0.596 (3) Šfrom the other five atoms. The 2-fluoro-benzene ring is positioned axially and bis-ects the pyrimidine ring with a dihedral angle of 70.92 (8)°. The mol-ecular conformation is stabilized by an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond, generating an S(6) ring. The crystal structure features C-H⋯F, N-H⋯S and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network.

Crystal structure of ethyl 5-[3-(di-methyl-amino)-acrylo-yl]-2-{[(di-methyl-amino)-methyl-idene]-amino}-4-methylthio-phene-3-carb-oxy-late.

In the title compound, C16H23N3O3S, the dihedral angles between the thio-phene ring and the almost planar di-methyl-amino-methyl-ene-amino (r.m.s. deviation = 0.005 Å) and di-methyl-amino-acryloyl (r.m.s. deviation = 0.033 Å) substituents are 6.99 (8) and 6.69 (7)°, respectively. The ester CO2 group subtends a dihedral angle of 44.92 (18)° with the thio-phene ring. An intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R (2) 2(14) loops. In addition, a weak C-H⋯π inter-action is observed.

Crystal structure of ethyl 5-(3-fluoro-phen-yl)-2-[(4-fluoro-phen-yl)methyl-idene]-7-methyl-3-oxo-2H,3H,5H-[1,3]thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxyl-ate.

In the title mol-ecule, C23H18F2N2O3S, the pyrimidine ring is in a half-chair conformation and the 3-fluoro-phenyl group is in the axial position. The thia-zole ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0252 Å) forms dihedral angles of 84.8 (7) and 9.6 (7)° with the 3-fluoro-substituted and 4-fluoro-substituted benzene rings, respectively. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯F and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect mol-ecules, forming zigzag chains along the b axis. In addition π-π stacking inter-actions with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.7633 (9) Šconnect these chains into ladders via inversion-related 4-fluoro-phenyl groups.

Crystal structure of 2-acetyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethyl-5H-1,3-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate.

In the title mol-ecule, C20H22N2O4S, the pyrimidine ring is in a flattened half-chair conformation and the 3-meth-oxyphenyl substituent is in an axial arrangement. The thia-zole ring forms a dihedral angle of 81.3 (1)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯S inter-actions link mol-ecules into chains along [001]. In addition, there are π-π inter-actions between inversion-related thia-zole rings with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.529 (2) Å. The ethyl group was refined as disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.52 (3):0.48 (2).

2-[4-(Tri-fluoro-meth-yl)phen-yl]-1H-benzimidazole.

In the title compound, C14H9F3N2, the mean planes of the benzimidazole ring system and the tri-fluoro-methyl-substituted benzene ring form a dihedral angle of 30.1 (1)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds into chains along [010]. Weak C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds and a weak C-H⋯π inter-action connect the chains into a two-dimensional network parallel to (001).

Crystal structure of ethyl 2-(2-fluoro-benzyl-idene)-5-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-7-methyl-3-oxo-2,3-di-hydro-5H-1,3-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carb-oxy-late.

In the title mol-ecule, C23H18F2N2O3S, the 4-fluoro-substituted and 2-fluoro-substituted benzene rings form dihedral angles of 88.16 (8) and 23.1 (1)°, respectively, with the thia-zole ring. The pyrimidine ring adopts a flattened sofa conformation with the sp (3)-hydridized C atom forming the flap. In the crystal, pairs of weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules related by twofold rotation axes, forming R (2) 2(10) rings, which are in turn linked by weak C-H⋯N inter-actions to form chains of rings along [010]. In addition, weak C-H⋯π(arene) inter-actions link the chains into layers parallel to (001) and π-π inter-actions with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.836 (10) Šconnect these layers into a three-dimensional network.

2-[4-(Trifluoro-meth-oxy)phen-yl]-1H-benzimidazole.

In the title compound, C(14)H(9)F(3)N(2)O, the best planes of the benzimidazole group and benzene ring form a dihedral angle of 26.68 (3)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into infinite chains parallel to the c axis. Stacking inter-actions between the benzimidazole groups [centroid-centroid distance = 3.594 (5) Å] assemble the mol-ecules into layers parallel to (100). The trifluoro-methyl group is disordered over three sets of sites with site-occupancy factors of 0.787 (4), 0.107 (7) and 0.106 (7).

2-(3,4-Di-fluoro-phen-yl)-1H-benzimidazole.

In the title mol-ecule, C13H8F2N2, the dihedral angle between the benzimidazole ring system and the di-fluoro-substituted benzene ring is 30.0 (1)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [010]. In addition, weak C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds connect chains into a two-dimensional network parallel to (001). A weak C-H⋯π inter-action is observed between an H atom of the benzimidazole ring sytem and the π system of the di-fluoro-substituted benzene ring.

Lenz syndrome in two sisters: clinicopathologic correlations of the ocular anomalies.

BACKGROUND: The Lenz syndrome (Mendelian inheritance in Man catalog number 309,800) is a presumed X-linked recessive disorder. Major diagnostic criteria include ocular, skeletal, and urogenital manifestations. We describe two sisters and the two sons of one of them with Lenz syndrome. The eye from one boy was removed because of pain and total loss of vision, allowing histopathologic documentation of the ocular malformations. METHODS: Clinicopathologic case report. RESULTS: Two sisters in this family displayed several of the major diagnostic criteria of the Lenz syndrome. The stunted growth of the eye, and the ocular and non-ocular anomalies defines the microphthalmos as monogenic, complex, and colobomatous. CONCLUSION: The pattern of inheritance of Lenz syndrome is best explained by X-linked dominant transmission. Future reports of familial cases with an excess of affected females are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

Corneal blood staining following autologous blood injection for hypotony maculopathy.

Hypotony is a common complication following trabeculectomy in which antimetabolites are used. Autologous blood injection is an accepted form of treatment for hypotony that occurs secondary to overfiltration; however, injection into the filtering bleb has been associated with a rise in intraocular pressure for some patients with chronic postoperative hypotony. The authors describe a patient in whom corneal blood staining with raised intraocular pressure and loss of vision occurred as a result of autologous blood injection.

Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with short course chemotherapy in south India--5-year follow up.

A controlled clinical trial of three short-course chemotherapy regimens was undertaken in patients with newly diagnosed bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The patients were randomly allocated to receive one of three regimens: rifampicin, streptomycin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide daily for 2 months, followed by streptomycin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide twice weekly for 3 months (R/5) or for 5 months (R/7), or the same regimen as R/7 but without rifampicin (Z/7). A bacteriological relapse requiring retreatment occurred by 5 years in 7.1% of 126 R/5, 4.0% of 124 R/7 and 6.7% of 253 Z/7 patients with organisms initially sensitive to streptomycin and isoniazid; none of these differences is statistically significant. Of the 31 relapses, 16 occurred within 2 years of the completion of chemotherapy and the remaining 15 between 2 and 5 years. Among 65 patients with initial drug resistance to streptomycin or isoniazid or both, there were six bacteriological relapses requiring retreatment.