ABSTRACT
Background: Psychotropic medications are prescription drugs that are commonly used to control some symptoms associated with many different types of mental ill health. Although they cannot cure a patient illness, they can assist with the management of some extremely distressing symptoms and this in turn can facilitate individuals in leading a more fulfilled life. Aims and Objective: This study attempts to collect the demographic details of the outpatient in the psychiatric department and to describe the usage, prescribing trends and cost-effectiveness of antipsychotics in psychiatry OPD among various clinical conditions to older and younger patients with psychiatry disorders. Material and Methods: This study was a prospective observational study, conducted over a period of 6 months from November 2021 to April 2022 in the Department of Psychiatry, Chidambaram Government Medical College and Hospital, a 1400 bedded multi-specialty tertiary care teaching hospital, Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The recruitment of subjects was carried out with the help the physicians who had the knowledge of patient's history and caregivers consenting to the study protocol and patients with case sheets carrying antipsychotics prescription. Observation and Results: A total number of 150 cases were enrolled in this study. All psychiatric OPD cases were studied and the results were taken. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 93 were the anti-psychotics prescribed cases and 57 were the non-anti-psychotics prescribed cases. Out of 93 patients, 69.89% (65 patients) were male and 30.10% (28 patients) were female. Out of non-psychotic 57 patients, 27 were male patients and 30 were female patients. Out of the 93 OPD patients, 40% of the patients have psychological based symptoms followed by 17% of patients have behavioral symptoms. 86.02% of patients received atypical antipsychotic medications in comparison with 36.55% of patients received the typical antipsychotic medications. Conclusion: In this study, we had observed the usage and types of anti-psychotic drugs to control and minimize the different psychotic symptoms among the OPD patients. Maximum antipsychotics studied were cost-effective and cheaper in Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) as compared to Intas, Torrent, Sun, Linux, Cipla, Abbott, Alkem, and Sanofi.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol isolated from dried rhizome of turmeric. Clinical usefulness of curcumin in the treatment of cancer is limited due to poor aqueous solubility, hydrolytic degradation, metabolism, and poor oral bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, we proposed to fabricate curcumin-piperine, curcumin-quercetin and curcumin-silibinin loaded polymeric nanoformulation. However, unfavourable combinations of drug-drug and drug-excipient may result in interaction and rises the safety concern. Hence, the present study was aimed to assess the interaction of curcumin with excipients used in nanoformulations. METHODS: Isothermal stress testing method was used to assess the compatibility of drug-drug/drug-excipient. RESULTS: The combination of curcumin-piperine, curcumin-quercetin, curcumin-silibinin and the combination of other excipients with curcumin, piperine, quercetin and silibinin have not shown any significant physical and chemical instability. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that the curcumin, piperine, quercetin and silibinin is compatible with each other and with other excipients.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Nanoprecipitation is the convenient and commonly used method for the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles around 170 nm but yield particles with broad distribution, which require filtration step to produce particles with narrow distribution. Hence, the primary aim of the present study was to implement few modifications to the conventional nanoprecipitation method to reduce the mean particle size less than 150 nm and to produce particles with narrow distribution without filtration step. METHODS: Eudragit E 100 nanoparticles were prepared using modified nanoprecipitation method 1 and 2. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized for the mean particle size, surface area and uniformity. RESULTS: Eudragit E 100 nanoparticles prepared using modified nanoprecipitation method 1 has shown a mean particle size of 196 nm with surface area of 50.9 m(2)g(-1) and uniformity of 0.852 whereas, Eudragit E 100 nanoparticles prepared using modified nanoprecipitation method 2 has shown a mean particle size of 114 nm with surface area of 57.9 m(2)g(-1) and uniformity of 0.259. CONCLUSION: Modification to the conventional nanoprecipitation method (method 2) has produced mean particle size less than 150 nm and produced nanoparticles with narrow distribution without filtration step.
