[Indications for relaparotomy]. / Pokazaniia k relaparotomii.

From 1980 to 1987, 10,446 patients were operated on. In 152 patients, the necessity of a repeated operative intervention arose. In 106 patients the emergency, in 42--delayed, and in 4--elective relaparotomies were performed. There were the following indications for relaparotomy: diffuse and circumscribed peritonitis (78 patients), ileus (46), eventration (11), hemorrhage (12), others (5). Diagnosis of postoperative complications requiring relaparotomy is difficult. The postoperative lethality was 26%.

[Puncture drainage of abscess of the liver and abdominal cavity controlled by echotomoscopy and laparoscopy]. / Punktsionnoe drenirovanie abstsessov pecheni i briushnoi polosti pod kontrolem ekhotomoskopii i laparoskopii.

In 13 patients, the diagnosis of abscesses and subsequent puncture treatment were performed under echotomoscopic guidance, in 4--simultaneous laparoscopy was used. In 2 patients, the puncture method of treatment has proved to be ineffective, and they required the abscess opening. One female patient died from abscessed primary hepatic cancer.

[Late results of the conservative treatment of patients with cholecystitis]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty konservativnogo lecheniia bol'nykh kholetsistitom.

It is shown that conservative treatment of cholelithiasis in young patients is not effective. In the long-term period these patients show as a rule recurrences, the frequency and degree of functional disorders of the liver and pancreas rises, the number of complications increases. The authors recommend early surgical treatment of this contingent of patients.

[Immunologic reactivity in patients with gastroduodenal ulcers]. / Immunologicheskaia reaktivnos't u bo'lnykh s penetriruiushchei gastroduodena'lnoi iazvoi.

Immune system factors were studied in 158 patients with ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum before and after different operative procedures. More pronounced alterations of immune reactivity as compared with the parameters in patients with noncomplicated ulcer disease were found which manifested themselves in decreased indices of cell immunity, activation of processes of autoallergization, inhibition of nonspecific factors of defense.

[Surgical treatment of nodular and mixed euthyroid goiter]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie uzlovogo i smeshannogo éutireoidnogo zoba.

The results of surgical treatment of 308 patients with nodular and mixed goiter are analysed. Because of increasing incidence of nodular goiter malignization, the extended resection of the thyroid gland versus the previously used sparing resection is suggested. To prevent activation of thyrotropic function of the pituitary body after the operation, we recommended the use of thyroidin. The incidence of disease recurrence was 1.3%, stable hypothyrosis--1.6%.

[Late results of the surgical treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis in young patients]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty khirurgicheskogo lecheniia khronicheskogo kal'kuleznogo kholetsistita u bol'nykh molodogo vozrasta.

Long-term results of surgical treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis were investigated in 139 patients of young age. Good results were observed in 83.5% of cases, satisfactory--in 11.5% of cases and failures--in 5% of cases. The authors present an analysis of the dependence of long-term results of surgical treatment of cholelithiasis in the young on the duration of the diseases before the surgical intervention, clinicomorphological form of cholecystitis, the degree of extension of the pathological process in the bile ducts and neighbouring organs volume of the operation and its character.

[Acute appendicitis in patients with diabetes mellitus]. / Ostryi appenditsit u bo'lnykh sakharnym diabetom.

The peculiarities of clinical picture, preoperative preparation and postoperative course in 157 patients with acute appendicitis, who suffered from diabetes mellitus, are shown. The direct dependence of pathomorphologic changes in the vermiform process on the severity degree and the state of diabetes compensation is noted. For correction of carbohydrate metabolism in the patients' contingent considered, it is the most expedient to use the fractional injection of common (crystalline) insulin at low doses.

[Prevention of complications during the surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis]. / Profilaktika oslozhennii pri operativnom lechenii miastenii.

The authors observed 298 patients with myasthenia who had been subjected to thymectomy. Complications during operation were as follows: injuries of the mediastinal pleura, pericardium, humerocephalic vein and hemothorax. The improvement of preoperative preparation, methods of thymectomy have decreased complications from 19% to 7%.