[CERULOPLASMIN CORRECTION OF DYSLIPIDEMIA CAUSED BY CHRONIC PHYSICAL LOAD IN EXPERIMENT AT SUBMAXIMAL POWER.]

Chronic submaximal physical load of aerobic-anaerobic charater leads to pro-atherogenic dyslipidemia, as manifested by increased levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoproteins. Ceruloplasmin (total dose 60 mg/kg body weight, triple intraperitoneal introduction on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th day of experiment) produced a partial correction of dyslipidemia, manifested by restoration of the normal levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and lipoproteins of very low, low, and high density. At the same time, ceruloplasmin administration did not influence the level of phospholipids.

Effect of ceruloplasmin on the number and resistance of erythrocytes during acute physical exercise.

Acute physical exercise was followed by a decrease in the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, shortening of the time-to-onset of erythrocyte hemolysis, and increase in the sorption capacity of the cell membrane. Administration of ceruloplasmin 24 h before physical exercise normalizes membrane resistance in red blood cells.

[Influence of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein on blood rheology].

Hemorheologic effects of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were studied in experiment on 76 noninbred white male rats. AGP was administered i.p. to intact rats twice in a total dose of 300 mg/kg. The effects were evaluated 72 hours after the first injection. It was found that AGP accelerated platelet and erythrocyte aggregation, platelet-erythrocyte cooperation, enhanced adhesion of erythrocytes and agranulocytes to endothelium. On the contrary, adhesion of granulocytes and platelets to endothelium was diminished. Acceleration of platelet aggregation was mediated by stimulation of free radical processes in the cells. Thus, AGP produces anticoagulation action on blood theology.

Effects of alpha1-acid glycoprotein on hemostasis in experimental septic peritonitis.

Pathogenesis of hemostasis disorders in septic peritonitis and the possibility of their correction with acute phase protein (alpha1-acid glycoprotein; two doses of 150 mg/kg) were experimentally studied on outbred albino rats. Platelets count in the peripheral blood and their adhesion to endothelium did not change during peritonitis, while aggregation activity increased due to increased rate and shorter time of aggregation, which was associated with the development of hypercoagulation involving the intrinsic and common coagulation pathways and reduction of antithrombin activity. alpha1-Acid glycoprotein increased platelet count above the normal level, normalized aggregation rate, some blood clotting parameters, and antithrombin activity. Hence, alpha1-acid glycoprotein is a polyfunctional protein modulating all pathogenetic components in the development of blood clotting disorders during septic peritonitis.

Ceruloplasmin prevents hemostatic disorders during experimental hyperammonemia.

Experimental hyperammonemia in rats was accompanied by hemostatic disorders manifesting in coagulopathy (activation of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation) and suppression of platelet function. Ceruloplasmin in a total dose of 60 mg/kg effectively normalized coagulation hemostasis and functional activity of platelets by improving secretory processes in platelets and increasing aggregation rate.

[The action of the cells of hemopoietic organs in chick embryos on mouse CFUdc and CLFUdc]. / Deistvie kletok krovetvornykh organov émbrionov kur na KOEdk i KLOEdk myshei.

The humoral influence of cells of hemopoietic organs of chicken embryos of different terms on the development of the colony and cluster formation of mononuclears of the bone marrow of mice was studied in joint cultivation in two-compartment cylindrical diffuse microchambers. The process of formation of colonies and clusters is inhibited by cells of the yolk sac on the 2nd-4th day of the development, by cells of the liver on the 8th-12th day, of the spleen on the 13th-18th day and of the bone marrow--on the 15th day. The yolk sac cells were found to have most considerable inhibiting influence on proliferation and differentiation of cells on the 2nd day of the development of chicken embryo. The yolk sac cells on the 6th day stimulate the formation of colonies and clusters. The yolk sac, beginning from the 4th day of the development, and the liver release humoral factors promoting the formation of erythroid colonies. The erythroid colonies are formed but when cultivated on the vascular membrane of the chicken embryo; the erythroid colonies are not formed when cultivated in the abdominal cavity of mice. Local erythropoietinoid factors are not synthetized by the spleen and bone marrow cells. A supposition is put forward that a combination of the local inhibiting and erythropoietic effects promotes the erythroid differentiation of cells.

[Colony- and cluster-forming ability of mouse bone marrow depending on its functional state and cultivation conditions]. / Kolonie- i klasterobrazuiushchaia sposobnost' kostnogo mozga myshei v zavisimosti ot ego funktsional'nogo sostaoianiia i uslovii kul'tivirovaniia.

The dependence of colony- and cluster-forming ability (CFA and CLFA) of bone marrow cells on its initial state and the conditions of cultivation was studied. Intact mice and mice with stimulated erythropoiesis were used in the experiment. The bone marrow was separated on a density gradient and cultivated in diffusion chambers (DC) on a plasma clot with addition of the tissue fluid of a chick embryo. Uni- and bicameral milliporous cylindrical microchambers were used. The DC were put into the abdominal cavity of mice first given a cyclophosphamide injection and on the vascular membrane of the chick embryo. The bicameral DC were employed in cocultivation of yolk-sac cells of a 4-week-old chick embryo and bone marrow mononuclears of both experimental groups. The CFA and CLFA of bone marrow mononuclears depend in respect of quantity and quality on the condition of its cultivation rather than on its initial state. It is concluded on the basis of tests for the inductive effects of yolk-sac cells on the CFA and CLFA that in study of cell inductors under conditions of DC and in cultivation in vivo one should take into account the initial state of the hematopoietic target cells, the sensitivity of cells to stimulation, the conditions of cultivation which allow the cells to emerge into the process of this or that differentiation even in the presence of an inductor.

[The effect of the humoral action of the cells from chick embryo hematopoietic organs on the colony-forming capacity of normal mouse bone-marrow cells and in activated erythropoiesis]. / Effekt gumoral'nogo vozdeistviia kletok krovetvornykh organov kurinogo zarodysha na kolonieobrazuiushchuiu sposobnost' kletok kostnogo mozga myshei v norme i pri aktivirovannom éritropoéze.

The cells of chick embryo hematopoietic organs were cultivated together with mouse bone marrow cells in bicameral diffusion chambers under normal conditions and in activated erythropoiesis. The yolk sac cells inhibited colony formation on the 2nd, 4th days of development, the hepatic cells--on the 8th, 12th days, the splenic cells--on the 13th, 17th days, and the bone marrow cells--on the 15th day. The cells of the yolk sac sharply intensify the formation of colonies by the marrow mononuclears, in particular, on the 6th developmental day in activated erythropoiesis. The yolk sac (on the 4th, 6th days of development), the liver, and the spleen produce humoral factors which facilitate the formation of erythroid colonies by the marrow cells of mice. The cells of a 4-day-old yolk sac inhibit the formation of granulocytic colonies, and the synthesis of inhibitors ceases in a 6-day-old yolk sac. It is suggested that the synthesis of local humoral inhibitors of the proliferation of colony-forming units controls the intensity of hematopoiesis in the organ and, by reducing proliferation, facilitates the emergency of cells into differentiation independently, according to the law or under the effect of local humoral poetins.