[The effect of a psychoemotional load on the activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system in subjects with different levels of arterial pressure]. / Vliianie psikhoémotsional'noi nagruzki na aktivnost' simpatoadrenalovoi sistemy u lits s raznym urovnem arterial'nogo davleniia.

Subjects with initially increased level of arterial pressure were shown to have a higher contents of vasopressin in the blood plasma and of cortisol in the saliva. All the subjects revealed an increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in response to a psycho-emotional load. The levels of cortisol and vasopressin did not increase at that. Neither the adrenaline level changed whereas the noradrenaline level increased. The latter increased more in the subjects with a milder form of arterial hypertension. The data obtained suggest that the reactivity of the sympatho-adrenal system is higher in the subjects with an increased arterial pressure.

[Stress and arterial hypertension]. / Stress i arterial'naia gipertenziia.

Subjects with normal arterial pressure, those with bordering values of the AP and patients with arterial hypertension were studied. The AB, heart rate and diuresis changed independently under stress in the first group subjects, whereas these parameters depended on each other to some extent in the "future patients".

[Ionic homeostasis and erythrocyte deformability in patients with primary arterial hypertension]. / Ionnyi gomeostaz i deformiruemost' éritrotsitov u bolnykh s pervichnoi arterial'noi gipertenziei.

Erythrocyte Na, K-ATPase was examined for its activity and relation to the concentration of the complexon EDTA in 39 patients with arterial hypertension (AH), 12 subjects with borderline hypertension, and 18 normotensives. The ionic composition and deformability of erythrocytes were also studied. As compared to normotensives, the patients with Stage I AH displayed a significantly lower activity of erythrocyte Na, K-ATPase, which may suggest that there is an enzyme inhibitor in the blood of the patients. According to the enzyme activity, the patients with Stage II AH were divided into two subgroups: 1) those with a lower activity and 2) those with a higher activity than healthy subjects. The patients with a Stage II AH who showed a lower activity of Na, K-ATPase exhibited a more elevated erythrocyte sodium level, whereas those who had a high activity of the enzyme displayed a decreased erythrocyte deformability. In addition, a positive correlation between erythrocyte sodium concentrations and Na, K-ATPase activity, as well as erythrocyte deformability was found in normotensives, whereas a negative correlation was established in AH patients.

[The effect of a psychoemotional load on the cardiovascular system and catecholamines in subjects with different levels of arterial pressure]. / Vliianie psikhoémotsional'noi nagruzki na serdechno-sosudistuiu sistemu i katekholaminy u lits s raznym urovnem arterial'nogo davleniia.

Mental/emotional stress caused the same physiological response of a "vegetative crisis" in 20 subjects with normal blood pressure, 21 subjects with borderline arterial hypertension and in 21 hypertensive patients. The change of arterial blood pressure, pulse, excretion of urine, noradrenaline, adrenaline were analogous in all three groups. The mathematical statistics technique revealed a difference in mechanisms regulating excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline in subjects with normal blood pressure, borderline arterial hypertension and in hypertensive patients.

[Ischemic heart disease among men engaged in intense mental work (results of a repeat examination 6 years later)]. / Ishemicheskaia bolezn' serdtsa u muzhchin, zaniatykh napriazhennym umstvennym trudom (rezul'taty povtornogo obsledovaniia cherez 6 let).

A follow-up study (in 6.4 years) of a group of men aged 40-49 years (an average of 46.9) and engaged in strenuous mental work detected a large number of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (28.9%) which exceeds the CHD incidence in the corresponding age groups of population threefold. Essential hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia, smoking and stressful situations were shown to be valuable predictors of CHD. One of the major risk factors of CHD in the 40-49-year-old men studied was intensity of mental work.

[Changes in blood lipid levels and the prevalence of hyperlipoproteinemia among men aged 40-49 years engaged in stressful mental work (second examination)]. / Izmenenie urovnia lipidov v krovi i rasprostranennost' yipov giperlipoproteidemii v gruppe muzhchin 40-49 let, zaniatykh napriazhennym umstvennym trudom (povtornoe issledovanie).

A repeated (in 6.4 years) clinical examination of males engaged in strenuous mental work revealed a considerable increase in the number of individuals with hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol levels of over 270 mg%) and hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride levels of over 200 mg%). The examined group as a whole and a subgroup of healthy subjects exhibited a substantially lower concentration of alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol and a higher cholesterol coefficient of atherogenicity as against the data from the population studies of age-matched men without coronary heart disease conducted in Leningrad and Novosibirsk. Predominantly type II lipoproteinemia was observed in 25.8% of men aged 40-49 years engaged in activities involving intensive mental efforts.

[Ischemic heart disease in a group of men 35 to 44 engaged in stressful mental work (data from the 1st examination)]. / Ishemicheskaia bolezn' serdtsa v gruppe muzhchin 35--44 let, zaniatykh napriazhennym umstvennym trudom (dannye perichnogo obsledovaniia).

A group of 514 males between the ages of 35 and 44, whose occupation involved strained mental work, were examined. Ischemic heart disease was diagnosed in 56 of them (10.7%); 191 formed a group with doubtful signs of ischemic heart disease, and 267 composed a group of practically healthy persons. Hypertensive disease was revealed in 18.4% and hyperlipoproteinemia in 20% of persons examined. There was a statistically significant difference between the group of healthy individuals and that of patients with ischemic heart disease in the frequency of hypertensive disease and hyperlipoproteinemia. Smoking, adiposity, low physical activity, and aggravated heredity were encountered at a practically equal rate in both groups. In half of the patients with ischemic heart disease hypertensive disease and hyperlipoproteinemia were not found, while other risk factors of ischemic heart disease were encountered no more frequently than in the group of healthy persons. Thus, just like most other epidemiologic studies, our investigation showed hypertensive disease and hyperlipoproteinemia to be of highest significance as ischemic heart disease risk factor.

[Lipids and the lipoprotein spectrum of blood in men engaged in intensive mental activity]. / Lipidy i lipoproteidnyi spektr krovi u muzhchin, zaniatykh napriazhennoi umstvennoi deiatel'nost'iu

A group of 242 males, aged 35 to 45 years, employed as engineers in several research institutions, was examined. The examination was conducted in accordance with WHO recommendations. Among the biochemical indices the blood level of lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides) and the lipoprotein spectrum of the blood serum were determined by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Distinct hypercholesterinemia was noted in 8.7% of the examined males, hypertriglyceridemia--in 23.8%. The revealed peculiarities of the lipid metabolism combined with the characteristics of the lipoprotein serum spectrum permitted to demonstrate the prevalence of Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia in 27% of those with diagnosed ischaemic heart disease, in 19.4% of those with the above pathology suspected, and in 18% of practically healthy individuals. Other types of hyperlipoproteinemia, type II in particular, were less common (4.7%, 6.1% and 2.6%, respectively).