[Changes of glucocorticoid level in plasma and adrenal glands of pregnant rats and their offspring after antenatal stress of different etiology].

We investigated the glucocorticoid level in plasma and adrenal glands of pregnant rats in the period of early organogenesis. Tests were performed 24 hours after stress of different etiology (acute hypobaric hypoxia, intermittent normobaric hypoxia, and immobilization) and then repeated in the adult offspring. There was a significant decrease in the glucocorticoid level in pregnant rats 24 hours after hypoxic stress. Various changes of the basal glucocorticoid level were found in the offspring after antenatal stress. Changes were mostly found in female offspring.

[Influence of antenatal intermittent normobaric hypoxia during early organogenesis on the development of white rats].

The influence of antenatal intermittent normobaric hypoxia during early organogenesis (days 9-10 of intrauterine development) on the physical development, vegetative balance, and antioxidant defense system of 60-day-old rats was studied. Antenatal exposure to intermittent hypoxia resulted in the impaired physical development of all offspring during the early 15-day postnatal period and caused changes in the vegetative balance of heart regulation, which were differently directed in males and females. Moreover, females that survived antenatal hypoxia had a decreased superoxide dismutase activity in the brain, compared to that in the control rats.

[Effect of prenatal hypoxia during organogenesis on albino rat behavior during postnatal period].

The survival rate, physical development, and spontaneous behavior has been evaluated in pups of albino rats exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia on the 9-10th day of gestation corresponding to the onset of organogenesis. Prenatal hypoxia increased the mortality among the offspring, delayed their physical development, and affected their spontaneous behavior up to the age of 2 months. The females exposed to intrauterine hypoxia proved to be more sensitive to hypoxia than males.

[Comparative investigation of the delayed effects of prenatal hypoxia in the period of progestation and organogenesis].

The aim of the present study was to compare the survival, physical development and spontaneous behavior of rat pups born from white rats subjected to acute hypobaric hypoxia on the 3rd-5th days of gestation (progestation) period or on the 9-10th day of gestation (period of early organogenesis). It was shown that the delayed effects of progestation hypoxia were less expressed than those following acute hypoxia modeled in the early organogenesis. In latter case, hypoxia led to the increased mortality among rat pups of both sexes while hypoxia-induced delay in physical development and changes in spontaneous behavior and anxiety level were registered up to the 57th day of postnatal period.

[Acute antenatal hypoxia on different stages of embryogenesis changes the offspring behavior patterns and biogenic amine levels].

The effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia on the stages of progestation or beginning of organogenesis on biogenic amines levels in brain stem and cerebral cortex of their mature offspring as well as on their behavior, were investigated. It was shown that acute hypoxia applied in the period of embryonic organogenesis resulted in severe delayed changes in offspring spontaneous behavior and led to marked changes of biogenic amine levels, particularly expressed for dopaminergic system. Females subjected to antenatal hypoxia happened to be more sensitive to its influences than males.

[Effect of antenatal and postnatal hypoxia on the central nervous system and its correction with peptide hormones]. / Vliianie na tsentral'nuiu nervnuiu sistemu ante- i postnatal'noi gipoksii i ikh korrektsiia peptidnymi gormonami.

Ante- and postnatal acute hypoxia significantly aggravated the postnatal development. The posthypoxic behaviour patterns included hyperactivity and training ability inhibition typical for the attention deficit syndrome. A preventive injection of peptide constellation significantly improved the posthypoxic postnatal development and abolished the most of the negative modifications of behavioural patterns.

[The biogenic amine content of rat tissues in the postresuscitation period following hemorrhagic shock and the effect of the preparation semax]. / Soderzhanie biogennykh aminov v tkaniakh krys v postreanimatsionnom periode posle gemorragicheskogo shoka i vliianie preparata semaks.

LPO products were measured in plasma and biogenic amines (serotonin, adrenalin, noradrenalin) in tissues of rats in different periods after hemorrhagic shock provoked by taking blood and maintenance of arterial pressure at the level of 40 mm Hg for 1 hour. Resuscitation was conducted by administration of autoblood. It was found that splenic serotonin levels decreased on experiment day 7 and went up on day 28. On late experiment stages noradrenalin levels in the adrenals were high. Early after resuscitation the trend was noted to higher LPO products concentration in plasma and serotonin in the brain stem. Intravenous injection of semax prevented serotonin fall in the spleen on experiment day 7. It is suggested that biogenic amines, especially serotonin system, are involved in mechanisms of postresuscitation disorders, in cerebral defects in particular, through prolongation of secondary hypoxia early after hemorrhagic shock and activation of hypothalamo-hypophyso-adrenal system late after the shock.

[FMRFa and FMRFamide-like peptides (FaRPs) in the pathogenesis of shock]. / FMRFa i FMRFamid-podobnye peptidy (FaRPs) v patogeneze shoka.

The cardioactive FMRFa is found in the several animal tissues but the action mechanism and the physiological role of FMRFa and FaRPs is unknown. Authors discussed the hypothesis that FMRFa and FaRPs may act as endogenous sympatoadrenal system modulators; sometimes they can act as adrenaline-like hormones. Their physiological significance may be more clear by the pathological and hypobiotics conditions.

[The peptidergic correction of hemorrhagic shock]. / Peptidergicheskaia korrektsiia gemorragicheskogo shoka.

The study of haemorrhagic shock mechanisms and methods of its correction is of great special theoretical and practical interest. The authors described the new data about the action of opioid agonists and antagonists by the haemorrhagic shock with the special attention of the effects of paraopioid peptide FMRFa. The new field of scientific interests in the use of peptide mixture in the subthreshold doses by the haemorrhagic shock correction and the influence of opioids and its antagonists on the neurologic status in the posthaemorrhagic period.