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1.
J Invertebr Pathol ; 162: 43-54, 2019 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30753848

ABSTRACT

Microsporidia are among the most common microparasites of cladocerans and have potentially significant impact on host populations. However, many of these pathogens are known only from molecular-based studies. We provide ultrastructural data supported by molecular phylogeny for a common microsporidium infecting the Daphnia longispina complex, important planktonic filter-feeders in reservoirs and ponds in the temperate Holarctic region. This parasite, previously characterized only by molecular means, infects adipose cells around the Daphnia midgut and eventually fills the centre of the host body with ovoid-shaped spores. A new microsporidian genus and species belonging to the Agglomeratidae superclade is described as Pseudoberwaldia daphniae gen. et sp. nov. Molecular data indicate its widespread presence in Central European reservoirs (reported as isolate "MIC1") but also in Swedish coastal rockpools ("Ängskärs-klubben"). The most closely related lineage was reported from a caddisfly larva; we thus speculate that this taxon may have an insect secondary host in its life cycle. Morphological characterization and differential diagnosis of most commonly encountered microsporidian taxa infecting hosts in the D. longispina complex in Europe opens new possibilities for studies of their ecological and evolutionary interactions.


Subject(s)
Daphnia/microbiology , Microsporidia/classification , Animals , Classification , DNA, Ribosomal , Europe , Life Cycle Stages , Phylogeny
2.
J Invertebr Pathol ; 159: 95-104, 2018 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30300631

ABSTRACT

Microsporidia (Opisthosporidia, Microsporidia) are frequent parasites of planktonic cladocerans, including Daphnia (Crustacea, Branchiopoda). Analysis of available molecular data (ITS region and partial ssu and lsu rDNA) of these parasites indicates that many microsporidia infecting daphnids have a common ancestor and represent a large clade, which splits during evolution into a number of well supported subclades. These subclades are cytologically different but may be most conveniently characterised by their specific ITS barcode. We have analysed one of these subclades and we describe a new microsporidian genus and species combination, and assemble a large group of structurally indistinguishable microsporidian parasites that infect adipose cells of their hosts and form pyriform spores of a certain type ("obtuse spores"). Obtuse spores are non-infectious by feeding to their crustacean hosts and it is plausible that microsporidia forming them actually are parasites of insects with aquatic larval stages, with an obligate two-host life cycle, analogous to the Amblyospora life cycle involving copepods and mosquitoes.


Subject(s)
Daphnia/parasitology , Microsporidia/classification , Microsporidia/genetics , Animals , DNA, Fungal/analysis , Phylogeny
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