ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The right "non-dominant" temporo-parietal junction is usually not considered as a highly eloquent area. This contrasts with its mirrored left "dominant" counterpart, which is known as highly eloquent regarding language function. The question arises about which functions should be monitored when operating lesions of the right temporo-parietal junction under awake conditions. METHODS: We report the case of a patient who underwent a surgical resection of a glioma located in the right temporo-parietal junction. Cognitive evaluations were performed preoperatively and 4 months after surgery, as well as resting state fMRI and diffusion-based tractography. RESULTS: Long-term postoperative cognitive examination revealed an important deterioration of cognitive control abilities, especially regarding set-shifting abilities as measured by Trail making test part B. Based on pre- and postoperative resting state fMRI and diffusion-based tractography, we demonstrate that surgical resection massively impacted structural and functional connectivity of the right fronto-parieto-temporal network, a network that is classically involved in cognitive control, reasoning and working memory. CONCLUSION: This case clearly illustrates how a white matter focal lesion can generate a neuropsychological deficit by remotely disconnecting distant cortical areas belonging to a functional network. Furthermore, our observation strongly supports the use of intraoperative cognitive control tests during surgery of the right temporo-parietal junction and promote the interest of pre and postoperative resting state functional connectivity to explore the potential mechanisms causing cognitive deficits.
Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/psychology , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Cognition Disorders/physiopathology , Glioma/psychology , Glioma/surgery , Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects , Adult , Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Brain Neoplasms/physiopathology , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Female , Glioma/diagnostic imaging , Glioma/physiopathology , Humans , Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Nerve Net/physiopathology , Neuronal Plasticity/physiology , White Matter/physiopathologySubject(s)
Brain/metabolism , Insecticides/pharmacology , Organophosphorus Compounds , Oxidative Phosphorylation/drug effects , Oxygen Consumption/drug effects , Synaptosomes/metabolism , Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism , Animals , Cytochrome Reductases/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electron Transport Complex IV/metabolism , Kinetics , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Rats , Synaptosomes/drug effects , Synaptosomes/ultrastructureABSTRACT
During incubation of antipyrine, but not amidopyrine, 4-aminoantipyrine and 4-leucylaminoantipyrine, with rat liver microsomaland cytosol fractions in the presence of NADPH-generating system a reactive metabolite, which binds with glutathione is formed. The chemical nature of the metabolically activated intermediate is not known; it is suggested that the putative reactive metabolite responsible for this binding could be an epoxide.
Subject(s)
Glutathione/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Pyrazoles/metabolism , Animals , Antipyrine/metabolism , Biotransformation , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism , Epoxy Compounds/metabolism , Male , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Rats , Styrenes/metabolismABSTRACT
Enzymatic hydrolysis of L-leucylaminoantipyrine occurs in homogenates of kidney, small intestine, liver, lung, brain, spleen, heart and blood plasma. The activity of the drug hydrolyzing enzyme was found in all tested subcellular fractions of liver and kidney. In contrast to L-leucylaminoantipyrine, neither its stereoisomer D-nor 4-L-(N,N-dimethylleucylamino)-antipyrine undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis in any tissue tested. The results suggest, that in vivo L-leucylaminoantipyrine could be very rapidly hydrolyzed to 4-aminoantipyrine.
