ABSTRACT
Zanthoxylum piasezkii Maxim. is a widely distributed species of edible medicinal plant in China. It has been used for traditional spicy condiment and medicinal ingredients for quite a long time. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of Z. piasezkii was first reported and characterized from sequencing data. The complete chloroplast genome was determined to be 158,728 bp in length, consisting of a large single-copy (LSC) region (85,918 bp) and a small single copy (SSC) region (17,612 bp), which were separated by a pair of 27,599 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions. The chloroplast genome is predicted to contain 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of cpDNA is 38.4%. The phylogenetic analysis of 12 complete chloroplast genomes reveals that Z. piasezkii is mostly related to the congeneric Z. bungeanum.
ABSTRACT
An emerging virus-like flower yellowing disease (FYD) of green Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum armatum v. novemfolius) has been recently reported. Four new RNA viruses were discovered in the FYD-affected plant by the virome analysis using high-throughput sequencing of transcriptome and small RNAs. The complete genomes were determined, and based on the sequence and phylogenetic analysis, they are considered to be new members of the genera Nepovirus (Secoviridae), Idaeovirus (unassigned), Enamovirus (Luteoviridae), and Nucleorhabdovirus (Rhabdoviridae), respectively. Therefore, the tentative names corresponding to these viruses are green Sichuan pepper-nepovirus (GSPNeV), -idaeovirus (GSPIV), -enamovirus (GSPEV), and -nucleorhabdovirus (GSPNuV). The viral population analysis showed that GSPNeV and GSPIV were dominant in the virome. The small RNA profiles of these viruses are in accordance with the typical virus-plant interaction model for Arabidopsis thaliana. Rapid and sensitive RT-PCR assays were developed for viral detection, and used to access the geographical distributions. The results revealed a correlation between GSPNeV and the FYD. The viruses pose potential threats to the normal production of green Sichuan pepper in the affected areas due to their natural transmission and wide spread in fields. Collectively, our results provide useful information regarding taxonomy, transmission and pathogenicity of the viruses as well as management of the FYD.
