ABSTRACT
This study presents an innovative multifunctional system in fabricating new functional wound dressing (FWD) products that could be used for skin regeneration, especially in cases of infected chronic wounds and ulcers. The innovation is based on the extraction, characterization, and application of collagen (CO)/chitosan-glucan complex hollow fibers (CSGC)/aloe vera (AV) as a novel FWS. For the first time, specific hollow fibers were extracted with controlled inner (500-900 nm)/outer (2-3 µm) diameters from mycelium of Schizophyllum commune. Further on, research and evaluation of morphology, hydrolytic stability, and swelling characteristics of CO/CSGC@AV were carried out. The obtained FWS showed high hydrolytic stability with enhanced swelling characteristics compared to native collagen. The hemostatic effect of FWS increased significantly in the presence of CSGC, compared to native CO and displayed excellent biocompatibility which was tested by using normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF). The FWS showed high antibacterial activity against different types of bacteria (positive/negative grams). From in vivo measurements, the novel FWS increased the percentage of wound closure after one week of treatment. All these results imply that the new CO/CSGC@AV-FWD has the potential for clinical skin regeneration and applying for controlled drug release.
Subject(s)
Aloe , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bandages , Chitosan/pharmacology , Fibrillar Collagens/pharmacology , Glucans/pharmacology , Mycelium , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Schizophyllum , Skin/drug effects , Wound Healing/drug effects , Wounds and Injuries/drug therapy , Aloe/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/growth & development , Cells, Cultured , Chitosan/chemistry , Chitosan/isolation & purification , Disease Models, Animal , Fibrillar Collagens/chemistry , Fibrillar Collagens/isolation & purification , Glucans/chemistry , Glucans/isolation & purification , Humans , Male , Mycelium/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Rats, Wistar , Schizophyllum/chemistry , Skin/injuries , Skin/pathology , Wounds and Injuries/pathologyABSTRACT
Collagen (CO)/chitosan-glucan complex (CSGC) hollow fibers encapsulated aloe vera (AV) dressing scaffold (CO/CSGC@AV) were fabricated for the first time by the freeze-dried process. Extraction process, morphology, mechanical properties, pore size, porosity, swelling ability, and degradation behavior of composites scaffold were investigated. CSGC hollow fibers were extracted from mycelium of Schizophyllum commune CSGC hollow fiber exhibited inner diameter of (600⯱â¯250â¯nm) and outer fiber diameter of (2.5⯱â¯0.5⯵m). The results of swelling and hydrolytic degradation studies demonstrated that the physicochemical of CO/CSGC@AV was significantly enhanced by CSGC in a concentration-dependent manner. The mechanical property of the CO/CSGC@AV was improved after encapsulated AV into CSGC hollow fibers compared with native CO. The pore size and porosity of the CO/CSGC@AV were slightly decreased in the presence of AV. All these results suggested that the new dressing scaffold has a potential for clinical skin regeneration, particularly for infected chronic wounds and ulcers.
