[Laryngeal trauma of open and closed types]. / Urazy krtani typu otwartego i zamknietego.

We present two cases of laryngeal trauma treated in our department. Both of them were emergency cases, operated on at once after the injury. Planned surgery was performed later on in order to improve function of the larynx. In both cases results were satisfactory.

[Diagnostic problems in cases of neck tumors]. / Trudnosci diagnostyczne w guzach szyi.

The authors present diagnostic problems that are faced in cases of neck tumours, despite the application of modern examination methods. The above mentioned problems also concern pathological diagnostics. Emphasis is placed on the opportunity of achieving unbelievable results in ultrasonographic study and aspiration biopsy in cases of lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease.

[Myxoid liposarcoma of the larynx]. / Tluszczakomiesak sluzowaty krtani.

The paper presents a rare case of tumor--liposarcoma myxoides of untypical location--in the area of subglottic larynx. Diagnostic problems that resulted in erroneous recognition of the case, leading to improper treatment, are discussed.

[Malignant adenolymphoma-oncocytic adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland]. / Gruczolak limfatyczny zlosliwy--gruczolakorak kwasochlonny slinianki przyusznej.

The authors present an extremely rare case of a malignant form of parotid gland adenolymphoma treated by surgical intervention. Further, diagnostic problems and methods of treatment are discussed as well as unsuccessful course of the disease, due to extensive, distant metastases.

[Laser surgery in otolaryngology]. / Laserowa chirurgia w zakresie ORL.

The paper presents contemporary methods of using different kinds of lasers for surgical interventions in otolaryngology. It contains data concerning the development of laser techniques, the discussion of laser radiation and classification of different types of lasers. Basing on the authors' personal experience and the literature, the review of indications and contraindications for otolaryngological laser treatment has been made and the best kind of laser has been chosen. The risk factors of laser treatment, both for patients and for medical staff including various complications is stressed. Moreover, early and distant treatment results are presented as well as the advantages of using laser beam and adverse effects. The problems of applying laser treatment in anaesthesiology are discussed.

[Case reports of antibiotic complications]. / Do kazuistyki powiklan po antybiotykoterapii.

A case of 30 year old male with the severe course of generalised mycosis after a few days antibiotic treatment. The diagnostics and procedure have been considered.

[The effects of betahistine on the function of equilibrium system]. / Wplyw betahistyny na funkcje ukladu równowagi.

The authors present a pilot investigation of the effect of betahistine on vestibular disorders of peripheral and central origin. The evaluation of drug efficacy was based on subjective symptoms (vertigo, dizziness) and values of nystagmus parameters in ENG. and stability records made during posturographic tests, before and after drug administration. The regression or moderation of symptoms, such as vertigo and dizziness, was noted as well as the reduction of nystagmus slow phase velocity and the amplitude and the reduction of parameters during posturographic test. The reduction was observed during the treatment, especially during the studies after 4 hours following drug administration. After 6 months, values of the parameters, especially those made during posturographic tests, were close to initial values. The criteria, helpful for diagnosing subjective ailments were discussed with the emphasis placed on the significance of the processes responsible for equilibrium system function return. The review was made of the literature concerning the role of betahistine in the treatment of vestibular disorders.

[Brief history of the otolaryngology department in the Air-Force Institute of aviation medicine]. / Rys historyczny Kliniki Otolaryngologicznej WIML.

Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine with Clinics, celebrating its 67th anniversary, continues the traditions of research institute of Aeromedical Studies Centre, established in 1928. In 1936 it was renamed in to Leibnitz Institute of Medical Studies. The activity of aeromedical service was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II and continued in the Laboratory of Aviation Physiology and Hygiene. In 1946, Central Laboratory of Aviation Medicine was established, together with the Clinic and Aeromedical Commission, converted into Central Institute of Aeromedical Studies in 1947 and then, into Military Scientific Research and Experimental Institute of Aviation Medicine. In 1958 it was given the name of Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine-in 1972-with Clinics. Simultaneously with scientific-research activity, aviation medicine developed, dealing with specifics factors affecting pilots during flights. As far otolaryngology is concerned, it deals, apart from the treatment being the domain of otolaryngologists, with histopathology of the equilibrium system and auditory organ, effects of rapid changes, barometric pressure and acceleration on human organism, the influence of weightlessness, the phenomenon of habituation and the effect of Coriolis acceleration on the equilibrium system.

[Barotrauma in otolaryngology]. / Urazy cisnieniowe w otolaryngologii.

In the paper we discuss the disorders of paranasal sinus, middle and inner ear. We present the mechanisms responsible for pressure disorders as well as contemporary diagnostic methods and procedure. Attention is paid to the possibility of misinterpretation of symptoms and ailments-and--to inappropriate procedure. The cases of severe, chronic auditory and equilibrium organs impairment, due to pressure trauma are discussed, based on our own material.

Vestibular tests in the selection of cosmonauts.

Vestibulo-vegetative disorders in cosmonauts and astronauts occurring during space flight compel otolaryngologists to search for vestibular tests enabling a precise evaluation of the activity of the vestibular apparatus and showing disposition to motion sickness. Otoneurological investigation of Polish candidates for cosmonaut status consisted of the following vestibular tests: caloric, rotatory, optokinetic, swinging torsion, statokinesimetric and vestibulo-vegetative. The value of various vestibular tests for aviation and space medicine is presented in this paper, taking into account the results of investigations of the equilibrium system with the group of pilots selected for space flight as well as extensive experience with candidates for the air service and also trained pilots and patients. The relatively frequent lack of correlation between the results of the applied tests, which renders difficult the proper evaluation of the equilibrium system, is emphasized in the paper. Finally, the results of investigations of acute habituation of the vestibular apparatus are discussed.

[Current and retrospective problems of treatment of occupational hearing loss of the cochlear type]. / Wspólczesne i perspektywiczne problemy leczenia zawodowych uszkodzen sluchu typu slimakowego.

The prevalence of occupational hearing impairment constantly increases, thus there are more and more people who become deaf and disabled from carrying on their jobs and normal social contacts. The technical efforts aimed at limiting exposure to noise, as well as medical prophylactic activities are not efficient enough. Therefore the authors analyse the possibilities of occupational hearing impairment treatment. Pharmacologic preparations likely to affect the temporary and permanent threshold shift, are considered. Within operative treatment, microsurgical technique of implanting microelectrodes to the cochlea is presented, basing on the authors' experiments with 4 patients op]erated and rehabilitated with this method.