Subject(s)
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Chick Embryo , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Hungary , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Antigens, Bacterial , Bacterial Vaccines , Enteritis/prevention & control , Escherichia coli Infections/prevention & control , Vaccines, Attenuated , Administration, Oral , Age Factors , Antigens, Bacterial/administration & dosage , Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage , Clinical Trials as Topic , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Escherichia coli/immunology , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Freeze Drying , Humans , Hungary , Immunity , Immunization, Secondary , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/prevention & control , Placebos , Tablets , Vaccination/methods , Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Immunization Schedule , Tetanus Toxoid , Tetanus/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Hospitalization , Humans , Hungary , Infant , Length of Stay , Middle Aged , Tetanus/mortalitySubject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Arboviruses/isolation & purification , Animals , Arboviruses/immunology , Arboviruses/pathogenicity , Cattle/immunology , Chick Embryo , Complement Fixation Tests , Cross Reactions , Culicidae , Culture Techniques , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/immunology , Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne/immunology , Female , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Humans , Hungary , Mice , Neutralization Tests , Rats , Rodentia/immunology , Ticks , Virus Cultivation , West Nile virus/immunologySubject(s)
Arbovirus Infections/epidemiology , Arboviruses/isolation & purification , Animals , Chick Embryo , Epidemiologic Methods , Humans , Hungary , MiceSubject(s)
Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Enteritis/prevention & control , Escherichia coli Infections/prevention & control , Escherichia coli/immunology , Administration, Oral , Age Factors , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humans , Hungary , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Placebos , Tablets , Time Factors , VaccinationSubject(s)
Measles/prevention & control , Vaccination , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Hungary , Immunization Schedule , Infant , Measles/immunology , Measles VaccineABSTRACT
As part of an investigation on tick-borne encephalitis in the Tribec region of Czechoslovakia, an epidemiological study has been carried out on 445 cases diagnosed as "virus meningo-encephalitis" over the period 1953-63. The average morbidity rate was 19.3 per 100 000 inhabitants, ranging from 107.9 in 1955 to 3.3 in 1961. The lowest morbidity rates were in the 0-4 years and 60+years age-groups (5.7 and 5.5, respectively) and the highest rate was in the 10-14 years age-group (33.2). When the figures for 1960-63 were analysed, the highest rate (21.3) was found among adult farmers and forestry workers. The morbidity rates in the Tribec region are, on average, 2.6 times those for Czechoslovakia as a whole and 4.7 times those for Slovakia. There is a seasonal variation in incidence, with a maximum in June.The most frequent method of infection was by tick bite. Villages in the south-east of the region had a higher incidence of disease than those in the north-west. Serological examinations revealed variations in activity within the focus: whereas, of 93 inhabitants of four villages who had suffered from "virus meningo-encephalitis", 63 (68%) had antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus, none of 95 randomly selected inhabitants of a village with no reported cases of the disease had antibodies. More accurate diagnosis of the disease has been achieved by the introduction of serological and cultivation procedures.
