[Investigation of interferon-induced system of 2',5'-oligoadenylate in rat lymphoid cells exposed to ionizing radiation]. / Vyvchennia interferonindukovanoï systemy 2',5'-olihoadenilatu v limfoïdnykh klitynakh shchuriv sa diï ionizatsiinoho vyprominiuvannia.

The key components of interferon-dependent 2',5'-oligoadenylate system were studied in the rat spleen and thymus lymphoid cells under the action of ionizing radiation and interferon inducers treatment. It was established that the irradiation of animals by 0.5 Gy dose causes the increase of intracellular level of the 2',5'-oligoadenylates (A2'p5'A, (A2'p)2A) and the enhancement of the 2',5'-oligoadenylate-synthetase activity. The pre-incubation of isolated splenocytes and thymocytes with interferon inducers (cycloferone, mitogenic lectines and poly(I) x poly(C) caused the amplification of post-radiactive 2',5'-oligoadenylate accumulation and 2',5'-oligoadenylate-synthetase activity stimulation. The obtained results allow us to suggest the activation of 2',5'-oligoadenylate messenger system in rat immunocompetent cells under the action of ionizing radiation. It might be a result of the activation of protective mechanisms, connected with interferon induction. The effect of interferon inducers on the investigated cascade components may be considered as the manifestation of their radioprotective properties.

[Role of the protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45 in signal transduction of hematopoietic cells]. / Rol' proteïntyrozynfosfatazy CD45 u syhnal'nii transduktsiï klityn hematopoetychnoho riadu.

This review deals with the analysis of modern literature about structure, catalytical activity, biological role and practical usage of protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45, which is widely distributed in the membranes of hematopoietic cells. The enzyme location makes it a highly sensitive test for estimation of development of such pathological states as immunological and neoplastic diseases, malignant tumors and transplantation responses of tissue tearing away. Unequal enzyme isoforms expressed in various leucocyte cell lines at different stages of development and differentiation are typical of those species. The existence of multiple isoforms is not used only to determine various cell lines, but also causes existence of variable adhesion requirements resulting in local restriction of activity and changes in the substrate binding. There is no doubt that definition of substrate molecules, influence of proteintyrosinephosphatase CD45 translocation and regulation of its activity by other ligands are important questions. Solution of these problems will be useful for searching the correctional means of dysfunctions of the tissues, enriched with protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45.

[Interferon-induced 2',5'-oligoadenylate system: key components and biological functions]. / Interferonindukovana systema 2',5'-olihoadenilatu: kliuchovi komponenty ta biolohichni funktsiï.

The current data about the 2',5'-oligoadenylate system is reviewed. Its role in interferon signaling and cell metabolism regulation is discussed. The interferon system is known to be characterized by a wide range of biological functions such as antiviral defense, control of cell growth and differentiation, oncogenic stability, apoptosis, immune activation, etc. The biological role of interferon that is the multifunctional cytokine is discussed more in detail. The structure of main components of interferon signal transduction cascade (2',5'-oligoadenylate, 2',5'-oligoadenylate-synthetase and ribonuclease L) is reviewed. The interferon-induced 2',5'-oligoadenylate system is considered as the component of common regulatory system coordinating cell metabolism.

[Activity of dsRNA-dependent protein kinase in rat lymphoid cells under the effect of X-ray irradiation]. / Aktyvnist' dsRNK-zalezhnoï proteïnkinazy v limfoïdnykh klitynakh shchuriv za diï na nykh renthenivs'koho vyprominiuvannia.

The activity of dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, which is the key enzyme of the interferon signal system, was studied in the rat spleen and thymus lymphocytes under the influence of X-ray irradiation at 0.5 and 1 Gy doses and interferon inducers administration. An increase of the enzyme activity was established in the presence of FGA, concanavaline A, poly(I).poly(C) in vitro. The effect is intensified under the irradiation by 0.5 Gy dose. The protein kinase activity in lymphocytes is amplified in proportion to poly(I).poly(C) concentration, that was most pronounced in the irradiated animals. The comparative analysis of the action of interferon inducers on the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase activity was carried out. Two biological systems were used: in vivo (when the preparations were injected to the experimental animals) and in vivo (under the preincubation of isolated lymphocytes with the inducers). It was shown that the combined action of radiation and interferon inducers causes the stimulation of dsRNA-dependent protein kinase activity.

[Receptor protein tyrosine kinase in splenic lymphocytes. Features of isolation and purification properties]. / Retseptorni tyrozynovi proteïnkinazy limfotsytiv selezinky. Osoblyvosti vydilennia ta katalitychni vlastyvosti.

By means of an immune affinity chromatography we have obtained some receptor tyrosine protein kinase preparations from the spleen lymphocytes membrane in control and in 12 hours after rat X-ray irradiation in the doses of 0.5 and 1 Gy. An inhibitory analysis and estimation of essential catalytic properties of this enzyme have been performed. As a result of the researches performed we have suggested that EGF-R tyrosine protein kinases are involved in radiation-induced response of immune competent spleen cells and mediate the effects of EGF signal transduction in these cells in 12 hours after irradiation in the dose of 1 Gy.

[Structure and functional features of enzymes from the Ca2+-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase family]. / Struktura ta osoblyvosti funktsionuvannia fermentiv simeistva Ca2+-fosfolipidzalezhnykh proteinkinaz.

Present day scientific data about the Ca(2+)-phospholipid-dependent protein kinases structure and molecular mechanisms of their activity are summarized and analyzed in this review. Ca(2+)-phospholipid-dependent protein kinases family is well known to include a whole series of enzymes which are homologous by their structure. They play an important role in cell differentiation, growth and proliferation as well as signal transduction through the cytoplasmic membrane. They also take part in cell response realization by phosphorylation of target proteins. Now application of modern biochemical and biophysical methods provided for possibility of the clarification of these enzymes structure features. The great lot of experimental data about the molecular mechanisms of Ca(2+)-phospholipid-dependent protein kinases activity regulation by phosphatydyle serine, phorbol ethers, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, calcium iones, autophosphorylation and holoferment phosphorylation by other kinases was obtained. As a model of Ca(2+)-phospholipide-dependent protein kinases regulation was their development on the base of the scientific data about this problem.

[Mitogenic effects of staphylococcal antigenic substances on irradiated lymphocytes from Wistar rats]. / Mitohenna dia antyhennykh substantsii stafilokoka na limfotsyty oprominenykh shchuriv liniï vistar.

Proliferation activity of lymphocytes from rats was studied using a micromethod of blasttransformation reaction after X-ray irradiation (absorbed doses for animals were 0.5 and 1 Gy). Staphylococcus protein A and peptidoglycan stimulated the proliferation of irradiated lymphocytes. It was assumed that staphylococcus antigen substances held radiation protective effects. Staphylococcus protein A may be used for stabilization of lymphopoesis and functional activity of humoral and cellular immunity in irradiated animals due to T- and B-mitogenic properties.

[DNA synthesis in lymphocytes of irradiated animals as affected by mitogens and Staphylococcal antigens]. / Syntez DNK u limfotsytakh oprominenykh tvaryn pid vplyvom mitoheniv i antyheniv stafilokoka.

Proliferation activity of lymphocytes from rats was studied using micromethod of blast transformation reaction after exposure of X-ray irradiation (absorbed doses for animals are 0.5 and 1 Gr). The reducing of the functional activity of lymphocytes was found. There was difference in lymphocyte response induced by standard mitogens (PHA, ConA, LPS) and antigens of Staphylococcus protein A and peptidoglycan. The irradiation protective effects of Staphylococcus substances were found.

[Effect of ionizing radiation on the chromatin fraction components in rat blood lymphocytes]. / Vplyv ionizuiuchoï radiatsiï na komponenty fraktsiï khromatynu limfotsytiv krovi shchuriv.

Changes in the level of blood lymphocyte chromatin degradation and relaxation were investigated after the whole body irradiation with doses up to 0.21 C/kg. It was shown that ionizing irradiation initiated the increase of nuclear endogenous Ca/mg-dependent endonuclease, and protease activities.

[Effect of staphylococcal peptidoglycan on the activity of Ca2+-ATP-ase from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the early stages of ionizing radiation effect]. / Vplyv stafilokokovoho peptydohlikany na aktyvnist' Ca2+-ATP-azi sarkoplazmatychnoho retykulumu hnoho rannikh etapakh promenevoï diï.

It is established that peptidoglycan of Staphylococcus aureus possess superficial activity and can render influence on the functional activity of biomembranes. It tends to increase Ca(2+)-ATP-ase activity in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes, but no changes have been observed in case of the enzyme solubilization. The effect of peptidoglycan was more expressed, if it was used in the early period of acute radiation injury (1 and 24 h) in a dose of 0.21 Cl/kg for samples with irradiation-induced decrease of Ca(2+)-ATP-ase activity.

[Cyclic nucleotides in a high molecular weight aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex from the liver of normal and irradiated rats]. / Tsyklichni nukleotydy u skladi vysokomolekyliarnogo kompleksu aminoatsyl-tRNK-syntetaz iz pechinky normal'nykh ta oprominenykh shchuriv.

The content of cAMP and cGMP in the composition of the high-molecular complex aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase from the rat liver has been studied. The ionizing radiation decreases the level of the cyclic nucleotides in the composition of the complex. A problem on interregulation of the cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins in the complex has been examined.

[Metabolism of ATP in rat tissues under different experimental states]. / Obmin ATF u tkanynakh shchuriv za piznykh eksperymental'nykh staniv

The content and incorporation intensity of tritium from methionine CH33-groups as well as ATP phosphorus renewal of the skeletal muscles, liver and brain were studied in albino rats as effected by proserin, nicotinic acid and the vagus cutting. It is established that the organs and tissues with a high metabolic activity of ATP are characterized by a higher level of its renewal of ATP. Proserin and the vagus cutting are most likely to affect the renewal of ATP through choline metabolism. Nicotinic acid may affect the renewal of ATP through pyridine nucleotides in the process of oxidative phosphorylation.