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1.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci ; 331: 103244, 2024 Jun 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38959813

ABSTRACT

Ionic liquids (ILs) play a crucial role in the design of novel materials. The ionic nature of ILs provides numerous advantages in drug delivery, acting as a green solvent or active ingredient to enhance the solubility, permeability, and binding efficiency of drugs. They could also function as a structuring agent in the development of nano/micro particles for drug delivery, including micelles, vesicles, gels, emulsion, and more. This review summarize the ILs and IL-based gel structures with their advanced drug delivery applications. The first part of review focuses on the role of ILs in drug formulation and the applications of ILs in drug delivery. The second part of review offers a comprehensive overview of recent drug delivery applications of IL-based gel. It aims to offer new perspectives and attract more attention to open up new avenues in the biomedical applications of ILs and IL-based gels.

2.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 255: 128019, 2024 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37952802

ABSTRACT

Worldwide, burn wounds are severe health issues prone to bacterial infections and challenging to treat with traditional wound dressings. Therefore, a highly desirable biological macromolecules-based wound dressing with good antioxidant, antibacterial, biocompatible, and a large surface area is required. Herein, aim to develop a biological macromolecules-based physically cross-linked gelatin/polyglyceryl stearate/graphene oxide (GPGO) hydrogel to treat burn wounds. Four sets of hydrogels were prepared by varying GO concentrations. FT-IR, FE-SEM, viscosity analysis, mechanical and thermal stability confirmed the successful preparation of hydrogels with desired properties. Further, ß-carotene (0.5 mg/mL) was encapsulated in hydrogels to enhance the antioxidant activity, and a cumulative release as well as kinetics at pH 6.4 and 7.4 was performed. With an increase in GO concentration, hydrogels showed sustained release of ß-carotene. Among all, GPGO-3 ß hydrogel showed the highest antioxidant potency (57.75 %), hemocompatible (<5 %), cytocompatible (viable with NIH 3T3 cells), cell migration, proliferation, and in vitro wound healing. Also, GPGO-3 ß hydrogel showed efficient antibacterial activity (%inhibition of 85.5 % and 80.2 % and zone of 11 mm and 9.8 mm against S. aureus and E. coli). These results demonstrated the ability of GPGO-3 ß hydrogel as a promising candidate for burn wound healing applications.


Subject(s)
Burns , Hydrogels , Mice , Animals , Humans , Hydrogels/pharmacology , Hydrogels/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Gelatin/chemistry , Stearates , beta Carotene , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Wound Healing , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Burns/drug therapy
3.
ACS Appl Bio Mater ; 6(9): 3810-3822, 2023 09 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37624750

ABSTRACT

Modern healthcare engineering requires a wound dressing solution supported by materials with outstanding features such as high biological compatibility, strong mechanical strength, and higher transparency with effective antibacterial properties. Here, we present a unique hydrogel technology consisting of two negatively charged biopolymers and a positively charged synthetic polymer. The interaction between charged polymers through hydrogen bonds has been created, which are revealed in the simulation by density functional theory and Fourier transform infrared spectra of individual polymers and the hydrogel film. The transparent hydrogel film dressings showed excellent stretchability, a higher water swelling ratio (60%), and strong mechanical strength (∼100 MPa) with self-healing abilities (85-90%). The fabricated hydrogel film showed stable blood clots (within 119 ± 15 s) with rapid hemostasis (<2%) properties and effective antibacterial studies against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strains. In addition, the obtained hydrogel film also showed excellent cell viability on mouse fibroblast cells. With their enormous amenability to modification, these hydrogel films may serve as promising biomaterials for wound dressing applications.


Subject(s)
Escherichia coli , Hydrogels , Animals , Mice , Hydrogels/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bandages
4.
J Mater Chem B ; 11(27): 6201-6224, 2023 07 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37306212

ABSTRACT

Optically transparent wound dressings offer a range of potential applications in biomedical fields, as they allow for the monitoring of wound-healing progress without having to replace the dressing. These dressings must be impermeable to water and bacteria, yet permeable to moisture vapor and atmospheric gases in order to maintain a moist environment at the wound site. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the types of wound dressings, novel wound-dressing materials, advanced fabrication techniques for transparent wound-dressing materials, and the key features and applications of transparent dressings for the healing process, as well as how they can improve healing outcomes. This review mainly focuses on presenting specifications of transparent polymeric wound-dressing materials, such as transparent electrospun nanofibers, transparent crosslinked hydrogels, and transparent composite films/membranes. Due to the advanced properties of electrospun nanofibers, such as large surface area, efficient incorporation of antibacterial molecules, a structure similar to the extracellular matrix, and high mechanical stability, they are often used in wound-dressing applications. We also highlight hydrogels or films for wound-healing applications, and their promotion of the healing process, provision of a moist environment and pain relief through cooling and high-water content, excellent biocompatibility, and bio-biodegradability. But as hydrogels or films fabricated with a single component have low mechanical strength and stability, recent trends have offered composite or hybrid materials to achieve typical wound-dressing requirements. Advanced wound dressings with transparency, high mechanical stability, and antimicrobial functionality are becoming a popular research avenue in the wound-dressing research field. Finally, the developmental prospects of new transparent wound-dressing materials for future research are presented.


Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents , Wound Healing , Bandages/microbiology , Water , Hydrogels
5.
ACS Omega ; 5(38): 24272-24284, 2020 Sep 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33015444

ABSTRACT

A ubiquitous example of DNA and proteins inspires the scientific community to design synthetic systems that can construct various self-assembled complex nano-objects for high-end physiological functions. To gain insight into judiciously designed artificial amphiphilic structures that through self-assembling form various morphological architectures within a single system, herein, we have studied self-aggregation of amide-functionalized surface-active ionic liquids (AFSAILs) with different head groups in the DMSO/water mixed system. The AFSAIL forms stimuli-responsive reversible micelle and vesicle configurations that coexist with three-dimensional (3D) network structures, the organogel in the DMSO/water mixed system. The self-assembly driving forces, self-organization patterns, network morphologies, and mechanical properties of these network structures have been investigated. With the proven biodegradability and biocompatibility, one can envisage these AFSAILs as the molecules with a new dimension of versatility.

6.
ACS Appl Bio Mater ; 3(8): 4883-4894, 2020 Aug 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35021732

ABSTRACT

Limitations associated with the traditional cancer therapies prompt the scientific community to develop effective, safer, smarter, and targeted drug carriers that improve the efficiency of the drug carrier, reduce the adverse effects of the drug on the healthy cells, and help in preventing the cancer recurrences. This research aims to design a stimuli-responsive, self-healable, adhesive, and injectable polymeric hydrogel with an ester-functionalized ionic liquid as one of the additives to improve the efficiency of the anticancer drug in encapsulation and localized delivery. The designed polymeric hydrogel responds to intracellular biological stimuli (e.g., acidic pH of cancerous cells and temperature), changes the morphology through changing the shape and size of the gelator within the hydrogel matrix, and releases encapsulated doxorubicin (DOX) at the tumor site efficiently. Molecular interactions, gel morphology, and mechanical strength of the hydrogel were characterized through various analytical techniques, including small-angle neutron scattering. Adhesive properties of the polymeric hydrogel were measured by lap-shear strength tests and the biocompatibility and cellular drug uptake study on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa). The in vitro cytotoxicity and drug release study showed that the hybrid hydrogel is more effective at killing the cancerous cells, and the targeted release of DOX occurred at intracellular acidic pH. The polymeric hydrogel provides an efficient therapeutic approach for the encapsulation and release of the drug. Overall, the study offers a proof of concept to test the feasibility of the hydrogel system whether the hydrogel formulation helped or hindered the total cellular DOX trafficking.

7.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 11(21): 19572-19583, 2019 May 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31045340

ABSTRACT

The motivation for designing low-molecular-weight gelators with self-healing characteristics originates from elegant examples in biology such as vines of the genus Aristolochia whose internal secondary growth exhibits rapid self-healing in their stems. In the present work, we had explored the stimuli-responsive dual gelation characteristics for the ester-functionalized surfactant (4-(2-(hexadecyloxy)-2-oxoethyl)-4-methylmorpholin-4-ium bromide, C16EMorphBr) in aqueous medium at 7.20% (w/v) critical gel concentration and pH 7.4. The hydrogel provides an excellent platform to study dynamic phase behavior within a supramolecular network as it exhibits transformation from a fibrillar opaque hydrogel to a transparent hydrogel upon heating. Molecular interactions, arrangement within the supramolecular framework, and mechanical properties of the hydrogels were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, small-angle neutron scattering, rheological analysis, and tensile strength and cyclic loading-unloading tests. The fibrillar opaque gel has been characterized for its morphology using scanning electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The self-sustained, self-healable porous fibrillar opaque xerogel was further explored for selectively absorbing anionic dyes and for its load-bearing characteristics. We conclude a perspective on designing a new-age gelator that can open entirely new avenues in environmental protection and wearable "smart" devices.

8.
ACS Omega ; 3(9): 12068-12078, 2018 Sep 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30320287

ABSTRACT

An ionic liquid-based surfactant with ester functionality self-aggregates in an aqueous medium and forms ionogels at 8.80% (w/v) concentration at physiological pH. The ionogel exhibited a remarkable change in its appearance with temperature from fibrillar opaque to transparent because of the dynamic changes within its supramolecular structure. This gel-to-gel phase transition occurs below the melting point of the solid ionic liquid. The ionogels were investigated using turbidity, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission SEM (FE-SEM), inverted microscopy, transmission electron microscopy imaging, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and rheological measurements. The fibrillar opaque ionogel and transparent ionogel were studied for their ability to absorb dyes (methyl orange and crystal violet) and to encapsulate drugs (diclofenac sodium and imatinib mesylate).

9.
ACS Omega ; 3(12): 17751-17761, 2018 Dec 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31458372

ABSTRACT

Surfactant-mediated coacervates are termed as the new age microreactors for their ability to spontaneously sequester the molecules with varied polarities and functionalities. Efforts to emulate this applicability of coacervates through synthetic control of surfactant structures are finding success; however, there is little understanding of how to translate these changes into tailor-made properties. Herein, we designed 3-methyl-1-(octyloxycarbonylmethyl)imidazolium bromide (C8EMeImBr), an ester-functionalized ionic liquid-based surfactant, which shows better surface active properties than the nonfunctionalized and conventional cationic surfactant and forms complex coacervates over the broad range of concentration with sodium salicylate (NaSal). Mono- and divalent cations as well as ionic strength, viscosity, and time-dependent stability of the coacervates had also been addressed in order to study whether these coacervates could work as microreactors to encapsulate various molecules. The anionic charged complex coacervates with sponge morphology and honey comb-like interior show good efficiency to sequester cationic dyes from water because of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and good encapsulation efficiency for curcumin owing to their high surface area. Results suggest that ionic liquid-based coacervates studied here could be exploited as a novel low-cost, effective, and environmentally benign alternative to sequester dyes from the contaminated water and their recovery.

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