Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Humans to Pets, Washington and Idaho, USA.

SARS-CoV-2 likely emerged from an animal reservoir. However, the frequency of and risk factors for interspecies transmission remain unclear. We conducted a community-based study in Idaho, USA, of pets in households that had >1 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans. Among 119 dogs and 57 cats, clinical signs consistent with SARS-CoV-2 were reported for 20 dogs (21%) and 19 cats (39%). Of 81 dogs and 32 cats sampled, 40% of dogs and 43% of cats were seropositive, and 5% of dogs and 8% of cats were PCR positive. This discordance might be caused by delays in sampling. Respondents commonly reported close human‒animal contact and willingness to take measures to prevent transmission to their pets. Reported preventive measures showed a slightly protective but nonsignificant trend for both illness and seropositivity in pets. Sharing of beds and bowls had slight harmful effects, reaching statistical significance for sharing bowls and seropositivity.

Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to pets in Washington and Idaho: burden and risk factors.

SARS-CoV-2 is believed to have emerged from an animal reservoir; however, the frequency of and risk factors for inter-species transmission remain unclear. We carried out a community-based study of pets in households with one or more confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Among 119 dogs and 57 cats with completed surveys, clinical signs consistent with SARS-CoV-2 were reported in 20 dogs (21%) and 19 cats (39%). Out of 81 dogs and 32 cats sampled for testing, 40% of dogs and 43% of cats were seropositive, and 5% of dogs and 8% of cats were PCR positive; this discordance may be due to delays in sampling. Respondents commonly reported close human-animal contact and willingness to take measures to prevent transmission to their pets. Reported preventative measures showed a slightly protective trend for both illness and seropositivity in pets, while sharing of beds and bowls had slight harmful effects.

Undergraduate Rigor Scores: Do They Predict Achievement in Veterinary School?

The relations between potential indicators of undergraduate rigor and subsequent achievement in professional school are not clear; some studies have shown that greater undergraduate selectivity is associated with greater achievement in medical science programs, while others have not. We sought to determine the extent to which indicators of undergraduate rigor were associated with achievement in veterinary school. Participants were graduates from three cohorts. The predictors were undergraduate GPA (UGPA), plus five rigor scores-degree or number of undergraduate credits, number of honors courses, number of withdrawals from or repeats of prerequisite science courses, number of part-time semesters, and ratio of community college credits to total college credits. The outcomes were the veterinary medicine cumulative GPA (CVM GPA), Qualifying Exam scores, and North American Veterinary Licensing Exam scores. Using correlations corrected for range restriction, we regressed each outcome on the five rigor scores and UGPA for each of the three graduating cohorts. In most cases, indicators of undergraduate rigor did not predict subsequent achievement in veterinary school; however, in two comparisons, number of honors courses taken as an undergraduate predicted subsequent achievement. UGPA, as expected, predicted CVM GPA. Admissions committees may want to reevaluate whether they include undergraduate rigor when considering admission to their programs, with the caveat that our findings are specific to our institution and are not generalizable.