ABSTRACT
In tick-borne encephalitis certain immunopathological reactions develop in the tissues of the central nervous system; alpha 2-macroglobulin may serve as the marker of the activity of these reactions. The dynamic study of liquor taken from 16 patients with the meningeal and focal forms of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), 8 patients with severe craniocerebral traumas accompanied by meningitis and 10 patients with osteochondrosis was made. As revealed in this study, in TBE patients the level of alpha 2-macroglobulin increases 3.5-fold and remains stable during the acute period of the disease.
Subject(s)
Brain/immunology , Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/immunology , alpha-Macroglobulins/immunology , Acute Disease , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , Craniocerebral Trauma/cerebrospinal fluid , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Craniocerebral Trauma/immunology , Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/cerebrospinal fluid , Humans , Meningitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis/etiology , Meningitis/immunology , Meningoencephalitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningoencephalitis/etiology , Meningoencephalitis/immunology , Osteochondritis/cerebrospinal fluid , Osteochondritis/immunology , Spondylitis/cerebrospinal fluid , Spondylitis/immunology , alpha-Macroglobulins/cerebrospinal fluidABSTRACT
To study blood-brain barrier permeability and proteolytic changes in in patients with severe brain injury and to evaluate their impact on its course and outcome, the concentrations of albumin, plasminogen (plasmin), alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 2-antiplasmin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin were examined in 58 victims by enzyme immunoassay. The control group comprised 20 patients examined for lumbar discal hernia. The studies indicate that early severe brain injury showed blood-brain barrier dysfunction whose severity can be detected by the spinal fluid levels of albumin, plasminogen, and alpha 2-macroglobulin. Proteolytic changes in spinal fluid are determined by its albumin, plasminogen (plasmin), alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 2-antiplasmin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin concentrations and affect the development of secondary brain lesion and they are of practical value.
Subject(s)
Blood-Brain Barrier/physiology , Cell Membrane Permeability/physiology , Craniocerebral Trauma/cerebrospinal fluid , Craniocerebral Trauma/physiopathology , Peptide Hydrolases/cerebrospinal fluid , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/cerebrospinal fluid , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/physiopathology , Lumbar Vertebrae , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Trauma Severity IndicesABSTRACT
The CSF levels of albumin, alpha 2-microglobulin and IgG were studied in patients with severe brain injury. Elevated CSF levels of albumin and alpha 2-microglobulin were found in more severe patients. The level of IgG level was within the normal range. Endogenic protease-bound alpha 2-microglobulin may cause secondary cerebral tissue lesion, by closing the vicious circle.
Subject(s)
Albumins/cerebrospinal fluid , Blood-Brain Barrier , Brain Injuries/cerebrospinal fluid , Cell Membrane Permeability , Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis , Immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid , alpha-Macroglobulins/cerebrospinal fluid , Acute Disease , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , HumansABSTRACT
The authors propose a highly effective method for isolation of lactoferrin from female colostrum. Lactoferrin is measured by the sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Its concentrations in the serum, urine, amniotic and cerebrospinal fluid in health are measured. The advantages of the method for lactoferrin purification and the practical significance of this protein are discussed.
Subject(s)
Immunoenzyme Techniques , Lactoferrin/analysis , Colostrum/chemistry , Female , Humans , Lactoferrin/blood , Lactoferrin/cerebrospinal fluid , Lactoferrin/urineABSTRACT
The permeability of the blood-brain barrier for the cerebrospinal fluid marker proteins has been assessed in patients with grave craniocerebral injuries. The content of albumin and alpha 2-macroglobulin in the survivors decreased with time and by day 7 after the injury was virtually normal. In patients who died the content of these proteins was reliably increased starting from day 1. By day 7 the content of albumin in the cerebrospinal fluid approached the norm in this group, whereas the content of alpha 2-macroglobulin remained increased. The level of IgG surpassed the normal value on day 1 only in the patients who died, and later it did not differ from the norm in both groups.