ABSTRACT
The prevalence of preclinical forms of cardiovascular diseases diagnosed by EchoCG, Holter monitoring, functional test, ultrasound of extracranial arteries was analysed among practically healthy subjects at risk of CHD who underwent primary outpatient examination in 1986-1995 Another 172 persons at high risk of cardiovascular disorders were included in the "vascular run" program for short-term medical examination. It is shown that the frequency of pathological conditions diagnosed by the above methods increases in case of combined arterial hypertension and metabolic disturbances (dyslipidemia, excessive body mass, glucose intolerance). Prospective observations revealed high prognostic value of comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular system. It is concluded that a program of primary evaluation of the cardiovascular system using functional diagnostic tests for the discovery of preclinical disorders in practically healthy subjects should be developed on an individual basis with regard for risk factors and their magnitude.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Dyslipidemias/complications , Overweight/complications , Age Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Exercise Test , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Overweight/epidemiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Russia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The informative value of functional diagnostic methods in the revealing of the initial stage of essential hypertension (EH) in patients with high risk of cardiovascular complications (CVC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) was studied. The subjects of the study were 186 men considering themselves practically healthy, with high risk of CVC according to SCORE scale. Mean age of the subjects was 47.9 +/- 0.87 years; persons with various metabolic disorders prevailed. The patients were divided into two groups according to body mass index (BMI): group 1 patients (n = 142) had a BMI of > or = 25 kg/m2 (29.16 +/- 0.49); group 2 (n = 46) patients had a BMI of < 25 kg/m2 (22.95 +/- 0.37). The patients underwent clinical and laboratory examination including the measurement of biochemical parameters of lipid, carbohydrate, and purine metabolism. ECG, EchoCG, and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM) were performed. Office BP levels, 24-hour BMP data, and signs of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) according to ECG and EchoCG were evaluated. The study found that in persons with excessive body weight stable 24-hour arterial hypertension with both systolic and diastolic BP increased prevailed, while in subjects with normal body weight systolic arterial hypertension prevailed. The use of milder LVH criteria (left ventricular myocardial mass index > 116 g/m2) increased the number of persons with stage 2 EH. The prevalence of the initial stage of EH according to 24-hour BPM (87.4%) is 2.8 times higher than that according to office BP measurement (31.3%).
