[The lymph and blood microcirculatory beds of the pancreas in the early period of experimental acute pancreatitis]. / Limfo- i gemomikrotsirkuliatornye rusla podzheludochnoi zhelezy v rannie sroki ostrogo éksperimental'nogo pankreatita.

Results of the study evidence that in the early period of acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP)--from 10 minutes to 2 hours--changes in acino-capillary complex consist in compensatory-adaptive reaction and are related to metabolic disorders. Abortive interstitial oedema disappears in 20-30-minutes, dilated lymphatic vessels being visible macroscopically. Further progress of oedema with consequent focal haemorrhagic pancreonecrosis is possible in case of insufficient lymphatic drainage. The latter may be due both to destruction of lymphatic endotheliocytes and barrage of lymphatic ways with agglutinates. This indicates primacy of enzymatic alteration of pancreatocytes and secondary nature of vascular changes as well as necessity of early intensive care aimed at correction of lympho- and haemocirculation.

[New biological vascular prosthesis made of avian trachea]. / Novyi biologicheskii sosudistyi protez iz trakhei ptitsy.

New biologic prosthesis of the arterial vessels manufactured of the bird trachea was elaborated and approved upon the test bench and experimental conditions. Sufficient mechanical durability and elasticity of the prosthesis was ascertained, alike the possibility of his application for the arterial vessels replacement. New bioprosthesis have such advantages as handiness at work, steadiness for twist and deformation, negligible thrombogenicity, relatively high endothelialization speed, functioning stability and nonreactivity.

[Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy in acute experimental pancreatitis]. / Poddiafragmal'naia vagotomiia pri ostrom pankreatite v éksperimente.

Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy influences on the course and outcome of acute pancreatitis were studied experimentally in 26 mongrel dogs. Truncal and selective vagotomy was performed in the animals with experimentally induced pancreatitis. Histological and histochemical methods showed that truncal vagotomy produced a positive effect on the course and outcome of experimental pancreatitis.

[Evolution of blood vessels of the heart wall]. / Evoliutsiia krovenosnykh sosudov stenki serdtsa.

In progressive development of the organisms, the cardio-vascular system perfects, its construction is adequate to the level and character of the animal's metabolism. The hypobranchial arteries, forming in the subbranchial area in fishes, make the immediate source for the branching off the coronary arteries. Comparison of the data concerning the places where the cranial coronary arteries take their origin in amphibia, reptiles, birds and mammalia demonstrates that the evolutional process is directed towards transference of the places of their branching off on the ventral aorta, and then on the nearest distance to the heart. Certain data are obtained on evolution of the blood circulation pathways in the myocardium and, particularly, on presence of blood vessels in the spongy myocardium in Elasmobranchii, Chondrosteoideii, as well as in the alligator. The most important of the myocardial blood vessels at all stages of evolution is their connection with the cardiac chambers. At definite stages of phylogenesis, simultaneously with compactization of the myocardium and formation of veins from the intertrabecular spaces, the subepicardial and intramural veins unite into a single venous system, bringing blood to the cardiac cavity. In birds, mammalia and human being, the coronary vessels have reached a high degree of development, having penetrated by their branches into all layers of the cardiac wall, and thus they exclude the dependence of the myocardial blood supply from the blood that is present in the cardiac cavity.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the neural structures of the heart during adaptation to physical exertion under experimental conditions]. / Morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti nervnykh struktur serdtsa v usloviiakh adaptatsii kfizicheskim nagruzkam v éksperimente.

The elements of the intramural apparatus in the heart, aorta and pulmonary trunk in 1- and 3-month-old puppies are structurally formed, however, the simplest forms of their organization predominate, especially in the terminal apparatus. A low, mediatory activity of all components in the intramural neural apparatus in the heart, aorta, pulmonary trunk demonstrates their functional immaturity. Under conditions of doses physical loadings, the intracardial neural apparatus reaches its structural and functional maturation more quickly. At training, some components of the cardiac intramural neural apparatus form certain structures peculiar for the state of stimulation. Most often these changes are localized in the preterminals and they should be considered as structural demonstration of the compensatory-adaptive reactions occurring in the organ.

[Changes in heart structure in intrapericardial stenosis of the pulmonary trunk]. / Izmeneniia struktur serdtsa v usloviiakh vnutriperikardial'nogo stenoza legochnogo stvola.

Dynamics of decompensatory changes in the heart (in cardiomyocytes, connective tissue stroma of the myocardium, neural structures, microcirculatory bed) has been followed under conditions of developing stenosis of the pulmonary trunk. The data have been obtained by means of various investigational methods: histological - injection of vessels with Indian ink - gelatin, impregnation of the neural structures after Bielschowsky - Gros; histochemical - to reveal functional activity of parasympathetic and sympathetic neural structures after Koelle - Gomori and Falck - Hillarp - Govyrin, and electronmicroscopically. At the beginning of the experiment destructive processes predominate. By the first month, compensatory-adaptive processes develop in the heart. By the first year, persisting hypoxia and quick exhaustion of all cardiac structures result in development of the heart failure.

[Blood vessels and nerve apparatus of the heart and small intestine during continuous experimental bypass shunting]. / Krovenosnye sosudy i nervnye apparaty serdtsa i tonkoi kishki v usloviiakh postoiannogo obkhodnogo shuntirovaniia v éksperimente.

In 140 animals (mongrel dogs of different age and sex) by means of histological, neurohistological, histochemical, histoenzymatic and electron microscopic methods, character and dynamics in changes of nerve elements and blood vessels of the heart and the small intestine have been studied under the conditions of revascularization at aorto-coronary and aorto-mesenteric shunting. The changes revealed are mainly reactive in their character, perform defensive, compensatory-adaptive response of the organs to the orative trauma and to an adequate but slightly changed blood stream. The degree of acuteness and the time when these changes disappear depends on duration of postocclusive ischemia, on the organs' resistivity to its effect on the operative trauma. Operation of aorto-coronary and aorto-mesenteric shunting are rather effective and protect the vascular bed and the intramural nerve appratuses of the heart and the small intestine from severe destructive disorders developing as a result of occlusion in the arterial vessels.