Myopericytoma Involving Proximal Phalanx of Index Finger: Masquerading as Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor - A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Myopericytoma (MPC) is an uncommon benign smooth muscle cell neoplasm which frequently arises in lower extremities, sparsely they can be found in upper extremities and head and neck region. Very few case reports are available in the literature documenting hand localization of this tumor. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we present a case of 83-year-old male individual with a mass lesion on the proximal phalanx of index finger of the right hand. Recent trivial trauma led the patient to medical assistance. Imaging mimicked Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath due to site of the lesion. The lesion was excised surgically. The final diagnosis of the specimen confirmed by histopathology was MPC, a benign smooth-muscle cell neoplasm. CONCLUSION: MPC is a rare entity; however, definitive diagnosis is often challenging because it mimics some malignant soft-tissue neoplasms. A multidisciplinary approach is required to identify this lesion as being benign and thus define the correct modality of treatment.

Rare Presentation of Caries Exudata with Dumbbell-Shaped Abscess in an Adult - A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) of the shoulder joint is a sparse entity. Here, we are presenting a case of glenohumeral joint TB (caries exudata variant) with 1-year follow-up. CASE PRESENTATION: Our patient, a 65-year-old male individual, came to the outpatient department with complaints of swelling and pain in the right shoulder of 6 months duration. Patient's systemic examination and vitals were within normal limits, and local examination of the shoulder joint revealed massive dumbbell-shaped swelling, tenderness along the joint line, and grossly restricted range of movements. Radiograph of the shoulder joint showed osteolytic lesions in the humeral head and glenoid with a reduction in glenohumeral joint space. We treated the case with the aspiration of the abscess followed by three sessions of injection streptomycin into the cavity at monthly intervals. The patient also received anti-tubercular drugs as per the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program guidelines for 1 year. After 12 months, the patient was disease-free and had a functional range of motion. CONCLUSION: In adults, the classical dry type of shoulder TB (caries sicca) has been described, while the fulminating variety rarely has been reported. The latter type of shoulder TB is much more common in children. We report a fulminant variety of shoulder joint TB in an old-aged patient who presented with massive dumbbell-shaped cold abscess and destruction of glenohumeral joint.

Use of spatiotemporal characteristics of ambient PM2.5 in rural South India to infer local versus regional contributions.

This study uses spatiotemporal patterns in ambient concentrations to infer the contribution of regional versus local sources. We collected 12 months of monitoring data for outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in rural southern India. Rural India includes more than one-tenth of the global population and annually accounts for around half a million air pollution deaths, yet little is known about the relative contribution of local sources to outdoor air pollution. We measured 1-min averaged outdoor PM2.5 concentrations during June 2015-May 2016 in three villages, which varied in population size, socioeconomic status, and type and usage of domestic fuel. The daily geometric-mean PM2.5 concentration was ∼30 µg m-3 (geometric standard deviation: ∼1.5). Concentrations exceeded the Indian National Ambient Air Quality standards (60 µg m-3) during 2-5% of observation days. Average concentrations were ∼25 µg m-3 higher during winter than during monsoon and ∼8 µg m-3 higher during morning hours than the diurnal average. A moving average subtraction method based on 1-min average PM2.5 concentrations indicated that local contributions (e.g., nearby biomass combustion, brick kilns) were greater in the most populated village, and that overall the majority of ambient PM2.5 in our study was regional, implying that local air pollution control strategies alone may have limited influence on local ambient concentrations. We compared the relatively new moving average subtraction method against a more established approach. Both methods broadly agree on the relative contribution of local sources across the three sites. The moving average subtraction method has broad applicability across locations.

A validated chiral HPLC method for the enantiomeric separation of tolterodine tartarate.

An isocratic chiral HPLC method was developed for the separation of tolterodine tartarate enantiomers. The mobile phase consists of n-hexane and isopropyl alcohol in the ratio of 980:20 (v/v) with 1 ml diethylamine and 0.6 ml trifluoroacetic acid. Chiralcel OD-H (250 mm x 4.6mm) column was used at constant room temperature. Flow rate was kept at 0.5 ml/min. This method is capable of detecting the S-isomer up to 0.1 microg/ml. The method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ).

Impurity profile study of loratadine.

Three unknown impurities in loratadine bulk drug at levels below 0.1% (ranging from 0.05 to 0.1%) were detected by a simple isocratic reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These impurities were isolated from mother liquor sample of loratadine using reversed-phase preparative HPLC. Based on the spectral data (IR, NMR and MS) the structures of these impurities were characterized as 11-(N-carboethoxy-4-piperidylidene)-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo(5,6) cyclopenta(1,2-b)-pyridine (I), 8-bromo-11-(N-carboethoxy-4-piperidylidene)-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo(5,6) cyclopenta (1,2-b)-pyridine (II) and 8-chloro-11-(N-carboethoxy-4-piperidylidene)-5H-benzo(5,6) cyclopenta (1,2-b)-pyridine (III). The synthesis of these impurities was discussed.