The challenging management of Moebius syndrome using orthodontic camouflage: A case report.

Moebius syndrome (MS) is a rare congenital neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness or paralysis (palsy) of abducens and facial nerves, or other cranial nerves which may be affected. Diagnosis, treatment, and dental management of MS patients are focused on treating manifestations like malocclusion, while catering to associated extraoral (neurologic, dermatologic, ocular) complications, aiming to improve their quality of life. Here, we report the case of a 9-year-old female patient with MS who underwent orthodontic camouflage using combined orthopedic-orthodontic therapy using a high-pull chin cup and fixed orthodontic appliance to improve skeletal mal-relation and facial appearance. The outcome displayed great improvement in function and better esthetics, improving not only the patient's but also the family's quality of life. A year's follow-up showed successful maintenance of the achieved results. A multidisciplinary approach in MS not only helps in overcoming the treatment challenges but also provides great psychosocial benefits to these patients.

Klippel-Fiel syndrome with rare presentation of bilateral temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis - A case report.

BACKGROUND: Klippel-Fiel syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital skeletal disorder characterized clinically by presence of a triad of short neck, limited neck mobility (due to fused cervical vertebrae) and low posterior hair line. It was first described by Maurice Klippel and Andre Feil in 1912. Various skeletal and non-skeletal anomalies may be seen in association with KFS. CASE PRESENTATION: This report aims to highlight orofacial manifestations of a 16-year-old male patient with KFS along with a rare presentation of bilateral osteoarthritic changes in the temporomandibular joint. The treatment planning and execution for such a case has also been described. CONCLUSION: Bilateral osteoarthritic changes of temporomandibular joint have been rarely reported in KFS. This report emphasizes that early diagnosis of various associated anomalies and timely intervention through an interdisciplinary approach is very essential in the management of patients with KFS.