Gene-Based Predictive Modelling for Enhanced Detection of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using CNN-Based DL Algorithm.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disease that presents with a diverse array of clinical signs and unpredictable disease progression. Conventional diagnostic methods frequently fall short in terms of sensitivity and specificity, which can result in delayed diagnosis and less-than-optimal management. In this study, we introduce a novel approach for improving the identification of SLE through the use of gene-based predictive modelling and Stacked deep learning classifiers. The study proposes a new method for diagnosing SLE using Stacked Deep Learning Classifiers (SDLC) trained on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database data. By combining transcriptomic data from GEO with clinical features and laboratory results, the SDLC model achieves a remarkable accuracy value of 0.996, outperforming traditional methods. Individual models within the SDLC, such as SBi-LSTM and ACNN, achieved accuracies of 92% and 95%, respectively. The SDLC's ensemble learning approach allows for identifying complex patterns in multi-modal data, enhancing accuracy in diagnosing SLE. This study emphasises the potential of deep learning methods, in conjunction with open repositories like GEO, to advance the diagnosis and management of SLE. Overall, this research shows strong performance and potential for improving precision medicine in managing SLE.

Simultaneous mapping of cathodoluminescence spectra and backscatter diffraction patterns in a scanning electron microscope.

Electron backscatter diffraction and cathodoluminescence are complementary scanning electron microscopy modes widely used in the characterisation of semiconductor films, respectively revealing the strain state of a crystalline material and the effect of this strain on the light emission from the sample. Conflicting beam, sample and detector geometries have meant it is not generally possible to acquire the two signals together during the same scan. Here, we present a method of achieving this simultaneous acquisition, by collecting the light emission through a transparent sample substrate. We apply this combination of techniques to investigate the strain field and resultant emission wavelength variation in a deep-ultraviolet micro-LED. For such compatible samples, this approach has the benefits of avoiding image alignment issues and minimising beam damage effects.

Poor coverage of quality-adjusted antenatal care services: a population-level assessment by visit and source of antenatal care services in Bihar state of India.

Background: Despite the evidence on the poor quality of antenatal care (ANC) services, significant gap remains in the understanding of quality-adjusted coverage at the population-level for each ANC visit and by the source of ANC services, and in equity in this coverage. Methods: All births between July 2020 and June 2021 were listed from 261,124 households (91.5% participation) representative of the Bihar state. Mothers of all stillbirths and neonatal deaths, and of 25% random sample of livebirths who survived the neonatal period provided data on each ANC visit up to a maximum of first 4 ANC visits, including the source of ANC services and the services received (weight measurement, blood pressure checked, abdomen checked, urine sample taken, and blood sample taken). An ANC visit was deemed of quality if all of these services were received in that visit. We report the coverage of quality-adjusted ANC services (Q-ANC) for ANC visits 1-4 disaggregated by source of ANC services and wealth index (WI). Weighted proportions are reported to take into account the sampling design. Findings: A total of 30,412 births were reported by 29,517 women, and 7270 (82.1%) of the 8853 eligible women participated. Overall, 19,950 unique ANC visits from 6929 women were available for analysis, of which 41.7%, 13.8% and 44.5% were at Village Health and Nutrition Day (VNHD), public facility, and with a private provider, respectively. A total of 4409 (65.3%) of the 1st ANC visits were undertaken at VHND, with the proportion of private provider ANC visits increasing significantly from ANC visit 1 to ANC visit 4 (p < 0.001). Q-ANC coverage considering all ANC visits was 20.9% (95% CI 20.7-21.2); and was 0.9% (95% CI 0.8-1.0), 29.9% (95% CI 29.2-30.7) and 36.9% (95% CI 36.5-37.4) for ANC visits in VHND, public facilities, and with private provider, respectively. Q-ANC coverage in the public facility was significantly lower in the 4th ANC visit (25.1%; 95% CI 23.4-26.9) as compared with visits 1 to 3, whereas it was the highest for 1st ANC visit with private provider (50.2%; 95% CI 49.2-51.1) and then dropped for visits 2 to 4. Irrespective of the source of ANC services, Q-ANC coverage increased significantly with increasing WI quartile for ANC visits 1 and 2, with WI quartile 3 women having significantly less coverage for ANC visit 3 compared to the rest, and no significant difference seen in the coverage of ANC 4 visit. Varied pattern of Q-ANC coverage by WI for each ANC visit was seen for public facility and private provider visits. Interpretation: With only 2 of 10 ANC visits deemed of adequate quality, sustainable delivery of quality ANC services are needed for every pregnant woman through-out the pregnancy irrespective of gestation period, number of ANC visit, and source of ANC services. Funding: The funding was provided by the India office of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA.

Off-season survival and life history of beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) on various host plants.

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has become a significant pest of chickpea in recent years. The polyphagous nature allows it to survive on various hosts during the off-season, creating a great menace to the crop in the following season. To assess the incidence and document the alternate hosts of S. exigua, a rapid roving survey was conducted in 11 chickpea-growing areas of Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Additionally, the life history traits of S. exigua were studied on major alternate host plants under laboratory conditions (27 ± 1 °C and 70 ± 2% RH) to understand the survival, life expectancy and potential contribution to future populations. The results show that, among the different crops surveyed, the maximum larval incidence was noticed in maize (1.93 larvae/plant), cowpea (1.73 larvae/plant), and sunflower (1.68 larvae/plant) during the off-season. Life history studies of S. exigua showed that highest larval survival percentage was observed on chickpea (83.6%), while the lowest was on maize (44.5%). The mean developmental time for larvae was longest on maize (27.1 days) and shortest on chickpea (14.9 days). Larvae did not develop beyond the third instar when fed with chilli. The growth index statistics showed chickpea (9.2) was the most suitable host plant, whereas maize (0.9) was the least suitable host. The age-stage-specific survival rate (Sxj) varied across developmental stages, and the survival curves overlapped, indicating different growth rates among individuals. The life expectancy (exj) at age zero was highest on groundnut (37.06 days). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of S. exigua was lowest on maize (0.10 ± 0.0013) and highest on chickpea (0.22 ± 0.0010). Similarly, the net reproductive rate (R0) was highest on chickpea (846.39 ± 18.22) and lowest on maize (59.50 ± 2.06). The population doubled every 3.08 ± 0.011 days on chickpea compared to 7.22 ± 0.80 days on maize. The study conclusively indicates that chickpea and sunflower, primarily cultivated during the rabi season in India, are the most preferred hosts for S. exigua. In contrast, maize and cotton, mainly grown during the kharif season, are less preferred and merely support the pest's survival. Consequently, S. exigua switches hosts between different crops growing seasons, so effective management of S. exigua during the kharif season can help prevent pest outbreaks during the rabi season.

Characterizing genetic diversity of Sclerotium rolfsii isolates by biomapping of mycelial compatibility groupings and multilocus sequence analysis.

Genetic diversity in Sclerotium rolfsii is useful for understanding its population structure, identifying different mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs), and developing targeted strategies for disease management in affected crops. In our study, a comprehensive genetic analysis was conducted on 50 isolates of S. rolfsii, collected from various geographic regions and host plants. Two specific genes, TEF1α and RPB2, were utilized to assess the genetic diversity and relationships among these isolates. Notably, out of 1225 pairings examined, only 154 exhibited a compatible reaction, while the majority displayed antagonistic reactions, resulting in the formation of a barrier zone. The isolates were grouped into 10 distinct MCGs. These MCGs were further characterized using genetic sequencing. TEF1α sequences distinguished the isolates into 17 distinct clusters, and RPB2 sequences classified them into 20 clusters. Some MCGs shared identical gene sequences within each gene, while others exhibited unique sequences. Intriguingly, when both TEF1α and RPB2 sequences were combined, all 10 MCGs were effectively differentiated, even those that appeared identical with single-gene analysis. This combined approach provided a comprehensive understanding of the genetic diversity and relationships among the S. rolfsii isolates, allowing for precise discrimination between different MCGs. The results shed light on the population structure and genetic variability within this plant pathogenic fungus, providing valuable insights for disease management and control strategies. This study highlights the significance of comprehending the varied virulence characteristics within S. rolfsii isolates, categorizing them into specific virulence groups based on disease severity index (DSI) values. The association with MCGs provides additional insights into the genetic underpinnings of virulence in this pathogen. Furthermore, the identification of geographical patterns in virulence implies the influence of region-specific factors, with potential implications for disease control and crop protection strategies.Please confirm if the author names are presented accurately and in the correct sequence (given name, middle name/initial, family name). Author 1 Given name: [G. M. Sandeep] Last name [Kumar]. Author 2 Given name: [Praveen Kumar] Last name [Singh]. Also, kindly confirm the details in the metadata are correct.I confirm that the given names are accurate and presented in the correct sequence.

Safety Assessment of Ultra High Dilutions of Camphora officinarum: A Preclinical Investigation.

Background: Camphora officinarum (CO) is a commonly used homeopathic remedy for treating colds, collapse, and recurrent eruptive illnesses. Objective: Due to the non-availability of safety data on CO, the current study intended to determine the oral toxicity of CO in its ethanol-potentized dilutions 6C, 30C, and 200C in Wistar albino rats as per OECD guidelines. Materials and methods: A single oral dose of CO-6C, 30C, and 200C (2000 µl/kg) was administered, and the animals were monitored for behavior and mortality for up to 14 days in an acute toxicity study. In the subacute study, the effects of daily oral administration of CO-6C, 30C, and 200C (200 µl/kg) for 28 days were observed for clinical signs, change in body weight, and mortality. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were assessed and organ weights were determined. Results: Results indicate no mortality of CO in its potencies in the acute toxicity study and was found to be safe at 2000 µl/kg dosage in the subacute toxicity study. CO (200 µl/kg/day) did not show any signs of toxicity in the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses, along with organ weights. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings suggest that CO in potencies of 6C, 30C, and 200C is safe up to a single oral dose of 2000 µl/kg body weight, and the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) was determined to be greater than 200 µl/kg/day.

Peripheral nerve blocks for analgesia following cesarean delivery A narrative review.

Spinal and epidural blocks are commonly employed for pain relief during and following cesarean section. Intrathecal morphine (ITM) has been the gold standard for the same for many years. In recent times, many peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) have been tried for postoperative analgesia following cesarean delivery (PACD). This article has reviewed the common PNBs used for PACD. The role of PNBs along with ITM has been studied and the current best strategy for PACD has also been explored. Currently, Ilio-inguinal nerve and anterior transversus abdominis plane block in conjunction with intrathecal morphine have been found to be the most effective strategy, providing lower rest pain at 6 hours as compared to ITM alone. In patients not receiving intrathecal morphine, recommended PNBs are lateral transversus abdominis plane block, single shot local anesthetic wound infiltration, or continuous wound infiltration with catheter below rectus fascia. PNBs are recommended for PACD. They have an opioid-sparing effect and are devoid of adverse effects associated with central neuraxial blocks such as hypotension, bradycardia, and urine retention. However, caution must be observed with PNBs for possible local anesthetic toxicity due to the large volumes of drug required.

Microbiota and Gut-Liver Axis: An Unbreakable Bond?

The gut microbiota, amounting to approximately 100 trillion (1014) microbes represents a genetic repertoire that is bigger than the human genome itself. Evidence on bidirectional interplay between human and microbial genes is mounting. Microbiota probably play vital roles in diverse aspects of normal human metabolism, such as digestion, immune modulation, and gut endocrine function, as well as in the genesis and progression of many human diseases. Indeed, the gut microbiota has been most closely linked to various chronic ailments affecting the liver, although concrete scientific data are sparse. In this narrative review, we initially discuss the basic epidemiology of gut microbiota and the factors influencing their initial formation in the gut. Subsequently, we delve into the gut-liver axis and the evidence regarding the link between gut microbiota and the genesis or progression of various liver diseases. Finally, we summarise the recent research on plausible ways to modulate the gut microbiota to alter the natural history of liver disease.

Corrigendum to "Review of the India Adolescent Health Strategy in the context of disease burden among adolescentstitle of article" [The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia 20 (2024) 100283].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100283.].

Funding Pattern Comparison Pre- and Post-Ayushman Bharat National Health Scheme (AB-PMJAY) in Active Females Undergoing TKA for Advanced Knee Arthritis with Clinical, QoL Analysis and AB-PMJAY Technical Data.

Introduction: Patients visiting for Knee Arthroplasty have often been treated at neighborhood clinics and bonesetters. India floated world's largest publicly funded national health insurance program -AB-PMJAY covering Knee Arthroplasty. AB-PMJAY's data for Arthroplasty has not been published. Methods: A Prospective study from Jan 2016- Jan 2023 on females undergoing TKA. Age, DEXA Score, Walking Ability, KSS, 10MWT, SF36 Scores, Funding Pattern before and after AB-PMJAY, Time to Approval, Time to discharge, Time to Query reply and Rejection Rates were documented. Results: 790 patients (91.86%) received treatment previously. 650 (78.54%) patients lived with family & 32 patients lost to follow-up. 37.67% & 62.32% patients had Grade. 3 & 4 osteoarthritis respectively. Commonest comorbidity was Vitamin D deficiency followed by Menopause and Hypertension. Post-treatment Vitamin D deficiency reduced from 68.59% to 2.17% at 3 months. Post-surgery, Functional Scores improved significantly at 1st and 6th month. VAS dropped significantly from 7.8 to 3.6 at 1st month follow up. At 6 months, 81.52% patients were independent outdoor walkers compared to 9.42% (baseline). Average hospital stay-54 hours and Return to work- 42 days. Central health scheme beneficiaries rose significantly from 12% (pre-PMJAY) to 42% (post-PMJAY). With AB-PMJAY, no rejection for surgical procedures, Time to surgery approval was 16 hours (mean) and Time to Discharge was 8 hours (mean). Time to reply was 6 hours (mean). Conclusion: Evident rise in patients getting TKA done through AB-PMJAY. TKA has become an affordable and achievable target for financially deprived patients, post regulation of knee implant prices & AB-PMJAY.

From nature to nanomedicine: bioengineered metallic nanoparticles bridge the gap for medical applications.

The escalating global challenge of antimicrobial resistance demands innovative approaches. This review delves into the current status and future prospects of bioengineered metallic nanoparticles derived from natural sources as potent antimicrobial agents. The unique attributes of metallic nanoparticles and the abundance of natural resources have sparked a burgeoning field of research in combating microbial infections. A systematic review of the literature was conducted, encompassing a wide range of studies investigating the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial mechanisms of bioengineered metallic nanoparticles. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor & Francis online and OpenAthen were extensively searched to compile a comprehensive overview of the topic. The synthesis methods, including green and sustainable approaches, were examined, as were the diverse biological sources used in nanoparticle fabrication. The amalgamation of metallic nanoparticles and natural products has yielded promising antimicrobial agents. Their multifaceted mechanisms, including membrane disruption, oxidative stress induction, and enzyme inhibition, render them effective against various pathogens, including drug-resistant strains. Moreover, the potential for targeted drug delivery systems using these nanoparticles has opened new avenues for personalized medicine. Bioengineered metallic nanoparticles derived from natural sources represent a dynamic frontier in the battle against microbial infections. The current status of research underscores their remarkable antimicrobial efficacy and multifaceted mechanisms of action. Future prospects are bright, with opportunities for scalability and cost-effectiveness through sustainable synthesis methods. However, addressing toxicity, regulatory hurdles, and environmental considerations remains crucial. In conclusion, this review highlights the evolving landscape of bioengineered metallic nanoparticles, offering valuable insights into their current status and their potential to revolutionize antimicrobial therapy in the future.

Modelling the mechanical properties of concrete produced with polycarbonate waste ash by machine learning.

India's cement industry is the second largest in the world, generating 6.9% of the global cement output. Polycarbonate waste ash is a major problem in India and around the globe. Approximately 370,000 tons of scientific waste are generated annually from fitness care facilities in India. Polycarbonate waste helps reduce the environmental burden associated with disposal and decreases the need for new raw materials. The primary variable in this study is the quantity of polycarbonate waste ash (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of the weight of cement), partial replacement of cement, water-cement ratio and aggregates. The mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural test results, of the mixtures with the polycarbonate waste ash were superior at 7, 14 and 28 days compared to those of the control mix. The water absorption rate is less than that of standard concrete. Compared with those of conventional concrete, polycarbonate waste concrete mixtures undergo minimal weight loss under acid curing conditions. Polycarbonate waste is utilized in the construction industry to reduce pollution and improve the economy. This study further simulated the strength characteristics of concrete made with waste polycarbonate ash using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and decision trees. Cement, polycarbonate waste, slump, water absorption, and the ratio of water to cement were the main components that were considered input variables. The suggested decision tree model was successful with unparalleled predictive accuracy across important metrics. Its outstanding predictive ability for split tensile strength (R2 = 0.879403), flexural strength (R2 = 0.91197), and compressive strength (R2 = 0.853683) confirmed that this method was the preferred choice for these strength predictions.

Changes in high-order interaction measures of synergy and redundancy during non-ordinary states of consciousness induced by meditation, hypnosis, and auto-induced cognitive trance.

High-order interactions are required across brain regions to accomplish specific cognitive functions. These functional interdependencies are reflected by synergistic information that can be obtained by combining the information from all the sources considered and redundant information (i.e., common information provided by all the sources). However, electroencephalogram (EEG) functional connectivity is limited to pairwise interactions thereby precluding the estimation of high-order interactions. In this multicentric study, we used measures of synergistic and redundant information to study in parallel the high-order interactions between five EEG electrodes during three non-ordinary states of consciousness (NSCs): Rajyoga meditation (RM), hypnosis, and auto-induced cognitive trance (AICT). We analyzed EEG data from 22 long-term Rajyoga meditators, nine volunteers undergoing hypnosis, and 21 practitioners of AICT. We here report the within-group changes in synergy and redundancy for each NSC in comparison with their respective baseline. During RM, synergy increased at the whole brain level in the delta and theta bands. Redundancy decreased in frontal, right central, and posterior electrodes in delta, and frontal, central, and posterior electrodes in beta1 and beta2 bands. During hypnosis, synergy decreased in mid-frontal, temporal, and mid-centro-parietal electrodes in the delta band. The decrease was also observed in the beta2 band in the left frontal and right parietal electrodes. During AICT, synergy decreased in delta and theta bands in left-frontal, right-frontocentral, and posterior electrodes. The decrease was also observed at the whole brain level in the alpha band. However, redundancy changes during hypnosis and AICT were not significant. The subjective reports of absorption and dissociation during hypnosis and AICT, as well as the mystical experience questionnaires during AICT, showed no correlation with the high-order measures. The proposed study is the first exploratory attempt to utilize the concepts of synergy and redundancy in NSCs. The differences in synergy and redundancy during different NSCs warrant further studies to relate the extracted measures with the phenomenology of the NSCs.

Dynamics of soil penetration resistance, moisture depletion pattern and crop productivity determined by mechanized cultivation and lifesaving irrigation in zero till blackgram.

Rice fallow black gram is grown under the residual moisture situation as a relay crop in heavy texture montmorillonite clay soil under zero till condition. Since the crop is raised during post monsoon season, the crop often experiences terminal stress due to limited water availability and no rainfall. Surface irrigation in montmorillonite clay soil is determent to pulse crop as inundation causes wilting. Therefore, zero tilled rice fallow black gram has to be supplemented with micro irrigation at flowering stage (35 days after sowing) to alleviate moisture stress and to increase the productivity as well. Hence micro farm pond in a corner of one ha field was created to harvest the rain water during monsoon season and the same was utilized to supplement the crop with lifesaving irrigation through mobile sprinkler at flowering stage for the crop grown under conservation agriculture. Soil cracking is also the common phenomena of montmorillonite clay soil where evaporations losses would be more through crack surfaces. The present study was therefore conducted to study the changes in the soil physical properties, crop establishment and productivity in conjunction with mechanized sowing and harvest and supplemental mobile sprinkler irrigation. Sowing of black gram by broadcasting 10 days prior to the manual harvest of rice, manual drawn single row seed drill after the machine harvest of rice and sowing by broadcasting at 4 days prior to machine harvest of rice was experimented separately and in combination with lifesaving irrigation. Results indicated that the number of wheel passes and lifesaving irrigation had a very strong impact on soil penetration resistance and soil moisture. Combined harvester followed by no till seed drill increased the soil penetration resistance in all the layers (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm). Two passes of wheel increased the mean soil penetration resistance from 407 KPa to 502 KPa. The soil penetration resistance (0-5 cm) at harvest shown that black gram sown by manual broadcasting 10 days prior to manual harvest of paddy supplemented with life irrigation on 30 DAS reduced the soil penetration resistance from 690 Kpa to 500 Kpa, 740 Kpa to 600 Kpa and 760 Kpa to 620 Kpa respectively at 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm layer. In general, moisture depletion rate was rapid in the surface layer of 0-5 cm as compared to other layers of 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm up to 30 DAS (Flowering stage). The moisture content and the soil penetration resistance had an inverse relationship. The soil penetration resistance also had an inverse relationship with the root length in which the root length lowers as the soil penetration resistance increases. The soil crack measured at 60 DAS was deeper with no till seed drill (width of 3.94 cm and depth of 13.67 cm) which was mainly due to surface layer compaction. The relative water content, specific leaf weight and chlorophyll content were significantly improved through the supplemental irrigation given on 30 DAS irrespective of crop establishment methods. The results further indicated that compaction of ploughed layer in the moist soil due to combined harvester and no till seed drill had a negative impact on yield (457 kg ha-1), which was improved by 19.03 per cent due to increased soil moisture with supplemental irrigation. The mean yield increase across different treatments due to supplemental lifesaving irrigation through mobile sprinkler was 20.4 per cent.

Green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide by using tropical microalgae and its application in biophotovoltaic devices.

The successful commercialization of algal biophotovoltaics (BPV) technology hinges upon a multifaceted approach, encompassing factors such as the development of a cost-efficient and highly conductive anode material. To address this issue, we developed an environmentally benign method of producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO), using concentrated Chlorella sp. UMACC 313 suspensions as the reducing agent. The produced rGO was subsequently coated on the carbon paper (rGO-CP) and used as the BPV device's anode. As a result, maximum power density was increased by 950% for Chlorella sp. UMACC 258 (0.210 mW m-2) and 781% for Synechococcus sp. UMACC 371 (0.555 mW m-2) compared to bare CP. The improved microalgae adhesion to the anode and improved electrical conductivity of rGO brought on by the effective removal of oxygen functional groups may be the causes of this. This study has demonstrated how microalgal-reduced GO may improve the efficiency of algal BPV for producing bioelectricity.

Bioactive carbohydrate polymers from marine sources as potent nutraceuticals in modulating obesity: a review.

The majority of bioactive polysaccharides are present in some marine creatures. These polysaccharides are considered as promising anti-obesity agents, their anti-obesity properties involve a number of mechanisms, including suppression of lipid metabolism and absorption, impact on satiety, and prevention of adipocyte differentiation. Obesity is linked to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic syndromes. In this review various bioactive polysaccharides like chitin, chitosan, fucosylated chondroitin sulphate, chitooligosaccharides and glycosaminoglycans have been discussed for their anti-obesity effects through various pathways. Critical evaluation of observational studies and intervention trials on obesity, lipid hypertrophy, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes was done with a primary focus on specific marine fauna polysaccharide as a source of seafood that is consumed all over the world. It has been observed that consumption of individual seafood constituents was effective in reducing obesity. Thus, marine derived novel bioactive polysaccharides have potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.

LncRNAs in necroptosis: Deciphering their role in cancer pathogenesis and therapy.

Necroptosis, a controlled type of cell death that is different from apoptosis, has become a key figure in the aetiology of cancer and offers a possible target for treatment. A growing number of biological activities, including necroptosis, have been linked to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a varied family of RNA molecules with limited capacity to code for proteins. The complex interactions between LncRNAs and important molecular effectors of necroptosis, including mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), will be investigated. We will explore the many methods that LncRNAs use to affect necroptosis, including protein-protein interactions, transcriptional control, and post-transcriptional modification. Additionally, the deregulation of certain LncRNAs in different forms of cancer will be discussed, highlighting their dual function in influencing necroptotic processes as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. The goal of this study is to thoroughly examine the complex role that LncRNAs play in controlling necroptotic pathways and how that regulation affects the onset and spread of cancer. In the necroptosis for cancer treatment, this review will also provide insight into the possible therapeutic uses of targeting LncRNAs. Techniques utilising LncRNA-based medicines show promise in controlling necroptotic pathways to prevent cancer from spreading and improve the effectiveness of treatment.

Link between individual resilience and aggressiveness in dental students and the mediating effect of spirituality: A path analysis.

BACKGROUND: The role of spirituality in people's lives, particularly the lives of health professionals, as well as its impact on mental health issues like anger and aggressiveness and resilience, are particularly significant. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the link between the propensity for violence and personal resilience in dental students by taking into account the function of spirituality as a mediator. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey, 211 volunteer dentistry students participated from a government institute in Jammu and Kashmir, India using a stratified sample procedure. The Spiritual Orientation Scale, Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used to gather the data. SPSS version 20.0 was used for conducting a bivariate analysis to ascertain the directionality connection between the research variables. In addition; structural equation modelling analysis was conducted by Smart PLS. RESULTS: According to the findings, resilience and spirituality have a substantial and positive link (r = 0.468 r = 0.023). Aggressiveness and resilience revealed a statistically significant inverse link (r = 0.325, P = 0.04), but aggression and spirituality had no significant correlation. Spirituality played a substantial mediation influence in the indirect pathway of violence on resilience (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: According to the study's findings, spirituality can help pupils become more resilient as individuals and can act as a helpful intermediary between aggressiveness and resilience.

A global phosphosite-correlated network map of Thousand And One Kinase 1 (TAOK1).

Thousand and one amino acid kinase 1 (TAOK1) is a sterile 20 family Serine/Threonine kinase linked to microtubule dynamics, checkpoint signaling, DNA damage response, and neurological functions. Molecular-level alterations of TAOK1 have been associated with neurodevelopment disorders and cancers. Despite their known involvement in physiological and pathophysiological processes, and as a core member of the hippo signaling pathway, the phosphoregulatory network of TAOK1 has not been visualized. Aimed to explore this network, we first analyzed the predominantly detected and differentially regulated TAOK1 phosphosites in global phosphoproteome datasets across diverse experimental conditions. Based on 709 qualitative and 210 quantitative differential cellular phosphoproteome datasets that were systematically assembled, we identified that phosphorylation at Ser421, Ser9, Ser965, and Ser445 predominantly represented TAOK1 in almost 75% of these datasets. Surprisingly, the functional role of all these phosphosites in TAOK1 remains unexplored. Hence, we employed a robust strategy to extract the phosphosites in proteins that significantly correlated in expression with predominant TAOK1 phosphosites. This led to the first categorization of the phosphosites including those in the currently known and predicted interactors, kinases, and substrates, that positively/negatively correlated with the expression status of each predominant TAOK1 phosphosites. Subsequently, we also analyzed the phosphosites in core proteins of the hippo signaling pathway. Based on the TAOK1 phosphoregulatory network analysis, we inferred the potential role of the predominant TAOK1 phosphosites. Especially, we propose pSer9 as an autophosphorylation and TAOK1 kinase activity-associated phosphosite and pS421, the most frequently detected phosphosite in TAOK1, as a significant regulatory phosphosite involved in the maintenance of genome integrity. Considering that the impact of all phosphosites that predominantly represent each kinase is essential for the efficient interpretation of global phosphoproteome datasets, we believe that the approach undertaken in this study is suitable to be extended to other kinases for accelerated research.

A Comparative Study of Button Hole Technique Versus Underlay Technique in Type 1 Tympanoplasty.

Background: Tympanoplasty is the most common operation performed by an Otolaryngologist worldwide.Type 1 tympanoplasty involves repair of pars tensa of tympanic membrane, when the middle ear is normal. The most widely used method is underlay technique using temporalis facia. In buttonhole tympanoplasty, the temporalis fascia is anchored to the handle of malleus through the buttonhole. Objective: To compare and analyze graft uptake and hearing outcome in button hole technique and underlay technique. Material and Method: It is a comparative study done at tertiary care center, where patients suffering from tubotympanic type of chronic otitis media with medium sized perforation with moderate conductive hearing loss, within age group of 18-60 years,were selected. Results: In Button hole tympanoplasty group the mean hearing gain was 9.3dB, and 8.17 dB in Underlay tympanoplasty group which was statistically significant (p < 0.05) but P value between Button hole and Underlay tympanoplasty was not statistically significant.With regard to graft uptake 96.7% showed graft uptake in Buttonhole tympanoplasty group and in underlay tympanoplasty the graft uptake was 93.3%. Interpretation and Conclusion: Buttonhole technique is better in terms of graft uptake since the graft is anchored to the handle of malleus, and postoperatively medialisation of graft and other complications like lateralization of graft, epithelial pearl formation and anterior blunting is prevented. Both techniques are good in terms of hearing improvement for chronic otitis media with medium sized perforation with moderateconductive hearing loss.