[The nutritional status of the child entering the Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara]. / Estado de nutrición del niño que ingresa al Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara.

With the purpose to evaluate the nutritional status of children hospitalized in the Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, they were included 278 subjects that entered in the infant, preschool, schoolchildren and infectious disease clinical ward of the Division of Pediatrics. There were chosen two subjects every day during one year. It was obtained information about family and sociodemographic background. In addition, there were undertaken anthropometric measurements; weight/age, weight/height and height/age indices were also calculated. It was obtained the parameters of median, percentiles and Z-score. Undernutrition was determined by the Gómez and Waterlow classifications. Is was also compared the reference pattern of Ramos-Galván and National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Blood was drawn for total protein and hemoglobin. Mean of height/age was 95.74% (NCHS), weight/age 84.04% and weight/height 89.7%. It was not difference on weight/age between Ramos-Galván and NCHS. Weight/height and height/age had little difference. The median system identified more cases with deficit than Z-score, which seems to be more specific and conservative. There is a high prevalence of acute and chronic malnutrition identified with the median system, and maybe reflects the poor quality of life and major morbidity in this population.

[Management of primary nocturnal enuresis in school children with slow learning ability: usefulness of imipramine]. / Manejo de la enuresis primaria nocturna en escolares con lento aprendizaje: utilidad de la imipramina.

A comparative, longitudinal, blind prospective study was carried out in 20 students between the ages of 6 and sixteen with primary nocturnal bedwetting and slow learning abilities from the Fray Antonio Alcalde school, in order to evaluate the use of motivating reinforcement techniques, exercises in order to improve bladder function and treatment with imipramine. All of the patients were given motivation reinforcement and bladder exercises. They were later divided into two groups of 10 children; group A was given a placebo while group B was given imipramine. In group A a significant decrease was seen in the average number of days the children woke wet after the sixth month of treatment (13.2 +/- 9.7 days to 3.7 +/- 7.15 days) with P less than 0.05; and in group B since the fourth month (16.6 +/- 7.8 days to 8.1 +/- 8.3 days) with a P less than 0.05. At the end of the study, seven patients from group A and five patients from group B decreased in over 80% the number of days which they woke up wet. The motivating reinforcement and the exercises used to improve bladder functional capacity are useful in the management of primary nocturnal enuresis. Imipramine, when combined with these other routines can shorten the time towards a favorable response.