Еvaluation of the sensitivity of bacteriophage preparations to Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from the colon microbiota in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders.

The level of sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from children of the first half of life with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) to commercial bacteriophage preparations was assessed. The material was the feces of 67 children of the first half of life with FGID who are breastfed. Culture of K. pneumoniae isolated from faeces of children, amounted to two comparison groups, depending on the age of the patients. The first group included 43 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from the colon of children aged from birth to three months, in the second group - 24 strains, from children aged three to six months. The composition of the colon microbiota was studied using standard methods, and the results were evaluated in accordance with Industry Standard 91500.11.0004-2003. Identification of K. pneumoniae was performed by bacteriological methods. Determination of the level of lytic activity of K. pneumoniae, Klebsiella polyvalent and sextaphage bacteriophages to K. pneumoniae strains was conducted by the drip method (spot-test) according to clinical recommendations. It is shown that the formation of FGID symptoms in children correlates with age - the frequency of regurgitation decreased in children up to six months (from 23.3% to 4.2%) against the background of the formation of a symptom complex associated with defecation disorder. Bacteriological analysis showed that in General, phages show a low level of lytic activity, sensitivity to them Klebsiella also correlated with age and was higher in children of three to six months. Thus, in the first comparison group, the absence of Klebsiella lysis in relation to the Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophage was registered three times more often (30.2%, p<0.05) and twice less often (30.2%, p<0.05), the low level of lysis of K. pneumoniae strains to the Klebsiella polyvalent phage compared to the second group. The sensitivity of K. pneumoniae strains to sextaphage was comparable in comparison groups and varied from 2 to 10%. Thus, among the studied K. pneumoniae observed a low level of sensitivity to specific drugs - bacteriophage Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella polyvalent and sextaphage. This fact reflects the insufficient activity of phages and predicts low effectiveness of empirical phage therapy without elimination from the intestinal biocenosis of K. pneumoniae in children with FGID who are breastfed.

Simulation of bacterial biofilms and estimation of the sensitivity of healthcare-associated infection pathogens to bactericide Sekusept active.

The effect of bactericide Sekusept active (B SA), a peracetic acid-based preparation, on microbial strains, isolated from patients with severe infectious diseases who were treated in a regional children's multi-specialty hospital, was studied. Based on the biochemical identification, the strains were classified as gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria (22 strains), Enterobacteriaceae family (18 strains), and bacilli - 3 strains. The biocidal activity of B SA was evaluated by the degree of inhibition of the growth of bacterial cells, existing in the planktonic form and in the form of biofilm (on a flat-bottomed plastic immunological tablet). It was shown that all the studied strains had the ability to biofilm formation, most of them (67,4%) formed moderately pronounced biofilms, and non-fermenting bacteria had a particularly pronounced coefficient of biofilm formation. The selected concentrations of B CA inhibited the growth of planktonic cells, and the ability of bactericide to prevent the formation of biofilms depended on the concentration (the most effective concentrations were 0,8 and 3,0%). Sensitivity of the strains existed in the aged biofilm to the bactericide was significantly lower, especially resistant to this effect were biofilms formed by non-fermenting bacteria and representatives of fam. Enterobacteriaceae. Our results confirm the importance of testing the effectiveness of biocides not only in accordance with standard methods developed for microorganisms in planktonic form, but also for biofilms.

[The structure of opportunistic microbiota of nasopharynx and vaginal tract in women with reproduction disorders and chronic endometritis.]

The study was carried out to investigate microbiocenosis of nasopharynx and vaginal tract in women with reproductive disorders and chronic endometritis. The females were separated on two groups. The first group included females with morphologically verified chronic endometritis (n=32). The second group included females without chronic endometritis (n=32). The chronic tonsillitis was established in 21 out of 65 females from first group and in comparison group only in 9 females. In the analyzed biotypes resemblance of main infection agents (staphylococcus,enterococсus, colibacillus) was established. In nasopharynx biotope normocenosis was established in first and second groups in 33.3% and 45% of cases correspondingly. The first degree of dysbiosis was determined in both groups with equal rate (55,5%), second degree of dysbiosis was established only in women with chronic endometritis and chronic tonsillitis (11.1%).

[The structure of intestinal dysbioses in children of preschool age during long-term period of monitoring].

The study was organized to examine long-term (1990-2011) structure of intestinal dysbioses in children of preschool age residing in Irkutsk. The significant decrease of expression of micro-ecological shifts (IV and III degrees) to the end of period of monitoring and almost total lacking of cases of eubiosis and statistically reliable (p ≤ 0.05) increasing of rate of dysbioses of I and II degrees were established. The given circumstance can be related to ongoing on the territory ecological pressure on organism of negative factors of environment including factors of anthropogenic character.

[Reciprocal formation of mucosal microflora of open cavities of different habitats in women as an important factor of their reproductive health].

This review presents the current data on the human microbiome. In recent increase of erased and primary chronic forms of inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs is observed, in which the clinical manifestations are varied, but the symptoms are not so much related with the changes in the pelvic organs, but with abnormalities in other body systems, secondarily involved in the pathological process. Recent research proved mutual influence of intestinal, vaginal and nasopharyngeal biocenosis. Women with vaginal microbiota disorders often revealed intestinal dysbiosis and chronic diseases of ENT (Ear Nose Throat) organs, which in turn contributes to chronic inflammatory process of pelvic organs, failure of therapeutic interventions, reduced quality of life and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

[The specific features of microbiocenoses in children living under conditions of anthropogenic pressing].

The specific features of enteric and nasopharyngeal microbiocenoses and the species composition of bifidobacteria have been studied in children living in the industrial towns of the Irkutsk Region under the existing anthropogenic load. Ambient air pollution is characterized and a presumptive human health risk assessed.